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Related Concept Videos

Mass Analyzers: Common Types01:19

Mass Analyzers: Common Types

The quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylindrical metal rods arranged in a diamond carrying a DC voltage and a radio-frequency AC voltage. The motion of ions through the quadrupole depends on the field strength, causing only ions of a certain m/z to resonate successfully and strike the detector at a given field strength. Though the transmission rate for these analyzers is high, the exact elemental composition of the sample is not determined because of low resolution; however, they are...
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Scanning Electron Microscopy01:07

Scanning Electron Microscopy

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
Fundamental Principles
Accelerated...
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...
Overview of Microscopy Techniques01:22

Overview of Microscopy Techniques

The early pioneers of microscopy opened a window into the invisible world of microorganisms. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes that leveraged nonvisible light, such as fluorescence microscopy that uses an ultraviolet light source and electron microscopy that uses short-wavelength electron beams. These advances significantly improved magnification, image resolution, and contrast. By comparison, the...
Mass Analyzers: Overview01:13

Mass Analyzers: Overview

The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...

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3D Depth Profile Reconstruction of Segregated Impurities Using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
07:10

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Published on: April 29, 2020

Microcomputer-based multiplexer for performing depth profiling with an Auger electron spectrometer.

J L Oppenheimer1

  • 1University of California, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|May 1, 1979
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details an automated Auger electron spectroscopy instrument for sample profiling. The microcomputer-controlled system enhances data acquisition and analysis for material characterization.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Automated analysis of material surfaces is crucial for understanding composition and properties.
  • Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) provides valuable surface elemental information.
  • Existing AES systems often require manual operation, limiting throughput and reproducibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a novel microcomputer-based instrument for automated sample profiling using Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and an Ion Gun.
  • To detail the hardware and software implementation for controlling spectrometer scanning and data acquisition.
  • To explore the potential future applications of this automated profiling system.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a microcomputer-based control system utilizing an LSI-11 microcomputer.
  • Integration of spectrometer scanning control over predefined windows.
  • Implementation of interactive front panel controls for run setup and operation.
  • Data storage on magnetic disk for subsequent analysis and plotting.
  • Development of Fortran IV driving software for system operation.

Main Results:

  • The instrument successfully automates the profiling of sample surfaces using AES.
  • Spectral peak heights are recorded dynamically during controlled spectrometer scanning.
  • Interactive controls facilitate efficient setup and execution of profiling runs.
  • Generated data is readily available for detailed analysis and visualization.

Conclusions:

  • The described microcomputer-based instrument offers an efficient and automated approach to sample profiling with AES.
  • This system enhances data acquisition capabilities and facilitates in-depth material analysis.
  • The automated profiling system holds promise for expanded applications in surface science and materials characterization.