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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and the...

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Updated: Jul 2, 2026

A Simple Dewar/Cryostat for Thermally Equilibrating Samples at Known Temperatures for Accurate Cryogenic Luminescence Measurements
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Published on: July 19, 2016

Simple helium cryostat for Raman spectroscopy.

R D Kirby1, J R Duffey

  • 1Behlen Laboratory of Physics, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|May 1, 1979
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new, low-cost flowing gas helium cryostat efficiently cools sample surfaces. This innovative cryostat removes the requirement for direct thermal contact between the sample and substrate.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Engineering

Background:

  • Achieving efficient sample cooling is crucial for various scientific investigations.
  • Traditional cryostats often require direct thermal contact, posing challenges for certain sample types or experimental setups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel, cost-effective flowing gas helium cryostat.
  • To demonstrate its capability for efficient sample surface cooling.
  • To eliminate the necessity of direct thermal contact between samples and substrates.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a simple and inexpensive flowing gas helium cryostat.
  • Experimental validation of the cryostat's cooling performance on sample surfaces.
  • Assessment of the cryostat's ability to function without direct sample-substrate thermal contact.

Main Results:

  • The cryostat successfully and efficiently cools the surface of a sample.
  • The system operates effectively without requiring good thermal contact between the sample and its substrate.
  • The design is both simple and inexpensive to implement.

Conclusions:

  • The described flowing gas helium cryostat offers an efficient and accessible solution for sample cooling.
  • It provides a versatile alternative for experiments where direct thermal contact is problematic.
  • This technology has implications for various low-temperature research applications.