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Culture Methods to Determine the Limit of Detection and Survival in Transport Media of Campylobacter Jejuni in Human Fecal Specimens
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Campylobacter bacteremia: clinical features and factors associated with fatal outcome

Jérôme Pacanowski1, Valérie Lalande, Karine Lacombe

  • 1Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France. jerome.pacanowski@sat.aphp.fr

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|August 14, 2008
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Campylobacter bacteremia is rare, primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals. Risk factors for fatal outcomes, including specific bacterial species and antibiotic use, vary significantly.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Bacteriology
  • Clinical Microbiology

Background:

  • Campylobacter bacteremia is an uncommon bloodstream infection.
  • The roles of underlying health conditions and antibiotic treatments in patient outcomes remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical characteristics of Campylobacter bacteremia.
  • To identify risk factors associated with mortality within 30 days.
  • To compare outcomes between infections caused by Campylobacter fetus and other Campylobacter species.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of 183 episodes of Campylobacter bacteremia from January 2000 to December 2004 in 23 Paris hospitals.
  • Comparison of patient demographics, underlying conditions, clinical manifestations, and species involved (C. fetus vs. others).
  • Logistic regression analysis to determine independent risk factors for 30-day mortality.

Main Results:

  • The majority of patients were elderly or immunocompromised, with liver disease (39%) and cancer (38%) as primary underlying conditions.
  • C. fetus was the predominant species (53%), associated with older patients and higher rates of cellulitis, endovascular infection, and medical device infections.
  • Independent risk factors for death included cancer and asymptomatic infection for C. fetus bacteremia, and lack of appropriate antibiotics or use of third-generation cephalosporins for other species.

Conclusions:

  • Campylobacter bacteremia predominantly affects immunocompromised individuals.
  • Clinical presentations and mortality risk factors are distinct based on the infecting Campylobacter species.

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