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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

Experimental RNAi

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Cell Aggregation Assays to Evaluate the Binding of the Drosophila Notch with Trans-Ligands and its Inhibition by Cis-Ligands

Cell Aggregation Assays to Evaluate the Binding of the Drosophila Notch with Trans-Ligands and its Inhibition by Cis-Ligands

Published on: January 2, 2018

let-7 regulates Dicer expression and constitutes a negative feedback loop.

Shogo Tokumaru¹, Motoshi Suzuki, Hideki Yamada

¹Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.

|August 14, 2008

Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression. This study reveals a novel feedback loop where let-7 miRNA controls Dicer levels, impacting other miRNA expressions in cancer cells.

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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Cell Aggregation Assays to Evaluate the Binding of the Drosophila Notch with Trans-Ligands and its Inhibition by Cis-Ligands

Cell Aggregation Assays to Evaluate the Binding of the Drosophila Notch with Trans-Ligands and its Inhibition by Cis-Ligands

Published on: January 2, 2018

In vivo Application of the REMOTE-control System for the Manipulation of Endogenous Gene Expression

In vivo Application of the REMOTE-control System for the Manipulation of Endogenous Gene Expression

Published on: March 29, 2019

Imaging Dpp Release from a Drosophila Wing Disc

Imaging Dpp Release from a Drosophila Wing Disc

Published on: October 30, 2019

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Cancer Research

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression.
Altered miRNA expression is linked to human cancers, but regulatory mechanisms are unclear.
Dicer is crucial for miRNA biogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the regulatory relationship between let-7 miRNA and Dicer.
To explore the role of this interaction in cancer cell biology.

Main Methods:

Analysis of Dicer and let-7 expression in human cancer cell lines.
Overexpression and knockdown experiments for let-7 and Dicer.
Luciferase reporter assays to confirm direct targeting.

Main Results:

Dicer expression inversely correlated with mature let-7 levels in cancer cells.
let-7 directly targets Dicer mRNA, repressing its expression.
Dicer downregulation reduced mature let-7 levels, indicating a feedback loop.
let-7 also modulated the expression of other mature miRNAs.

Conclusions:

A novel regulatory loop exists where let-7 controls Dicer.
This loop is crucial for maintaining balanced Dicer and miRNA levels.
let-7 may act as a key regulator in this feedback mechanism within cancer cells.