Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...
Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Classical Conditioning in Daily Life01:17

Classical Conditioning in Daily Life

Classical conditioning, a fundamental principle of associative learning, explains various phenomena observed in daily life, such as fear development, the placebo effect, taste aversion, and drug habituation. These applications demonstrate the profound impact of associative learning on human behavior and physiological responses.
John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner famously demonstrated the development of fear through classical conditioning in their experiment with Little Albert. They paired the...
Real-World Application of Classical Conditioning01:15

Real-World Application of Classical Conditioning

Classical conditioning not only includes the initial pairing of stimuli but also extends to more complex forms, such as higher-order conditioning. Higher-order conditioning involves creating associations beyond the primary conditioned stimulus, resulting in a chain of conditioned responses.
Higher-order, or second-order, conditioning occurs when a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an already established conditioned stimulus through repeated pairings. For instance, if a dog has been...
Group Design02:01

Group Design

The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between the two are due to...
Conditioned Taste Aversion01:14

Conditioned Taste Aversion

Conditioned taste aversion, also known as sauce béarnaise syndrome, is a phenomenon in which an individual develops an aversion to a certain food taste following a negative experience, typically illness. This form of aversion is a type of classical conditioning in which the taste of the food (conditioned stimulus, CS) is associated with the experience of illness (unconditioned stimulus, UCS).
A notable characteristic of conditioned taste aversion is that it often requires only a single exposure...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Passive immunotherapies for the next influenza pandemic.

Reviews in medical virology·2024
Same author

Non-invasive biomarkers for detecting progression toward hypovolemic cardiovascular instability in a lower body negative pressure model.

Scientific reports·2024
Same author

Outpatient treatment with concomitant vaccine-boosted convalescent plasma for patients with immunosuppression and COVID-19.

mBio·2024
Same author

Safety and Efficacy of Convalescent Plasma Combined with Other Pharmaceutical Agents for Treatment of COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Convalescent plasma: An unexpected new therapeutic option for critically ill COVID-19 patients coming from the past.

Journal of clinical anesthesia·2024
Same author

Convalescent Plasma for Covid-19-Induced ARDS.

The New England journal of medicine·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Social Threat-Safety Test Uncovers Psychosocial Stress-Related Phenotypes
05:03

Social Threat-Safety Test Uncovers Psychosocial Stress-Related Phenotypes

Published on: December 15, 2023

POTS versus deconditioning: the same or different?

Michael J Joyner1, Shizue Masuki

  • 1Dept. of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA, joyner.michael@mayo.edu

Clinical Autonomic Research : Official Journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society
|August 16, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Physical deconditioning is central to POTS symptoms, mirroring effects of bedrest or space flight. Endurance exercise may alleviate POTS, chronic fatigue syndrome, and fibromyalgia symptoms.

More Related Videos

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
08:05

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

A Procedure to Observe Context-induced Renewal of Pavlovian-conditioned Alcohol-seeking Behavior in Rats
13:24

A Procedure to Observe Context-induced Renewal of Pavlovian-conditioned Alcohol-seeking Behavior in Rats

Published on: September 19, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Social Threat-Safety Test Uncovers Psychosocial Stress-Related Phenotypes
05:03

Social Threat-Safety Test Uncovers Psychosocial Stress-Related Phenotypes

Published on: December 15, 2023

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
08:05

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

A Procedure to Observe Context-induced Renewal of Pavlovian-conditioned Alcohol-seeking Behavior in Rats
13:24

A Procedure to Observe Context-induced Renewal of Pavlovian-conditioned Alcohol-seeking Behavior in Rats

Published on: September 19, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is characterized by symptoms arising from orthostatic stress.
  • Physical deconditioning is hypothesized as a significant factor in POTS pathophysiology.
  • Similar physiological responses are observed in POTS patients and individuals after prolonged inactivity (bedrest, space flight).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of physical deconditioning in POTS.
  • To examine the potential of endurance exercise training as a therapeutic intervention for POTS.
  • To draw parallels between POTS, chronic fatigue syndrome, and fibromyalgia regarding deconditioning and exercise.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual model presented linking initiating events, deconditioning, and somatic hypervigilance to symptomology.
  • Review of existing data supporting the efficacy of endurance exercise training.
  • Comparative analysis of physiological responses in different patient groups and conditions.

Main Results:

  • Physical deconditioning significantly contributes to POTS symptomology and pathophysiology.
  • Endurance exercise training shows potential for ameliorating symptoms in POTS.
  • Shared pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic potential of exercise may exist across POTS, chronic fatigue syndrome, and fibromyalgia.

Conclusions:

  • Empathy and an empowering message regarding physical activity are crucial for managing patients with POTS and related conditions.
  • Systematic endurance exercise training is a promising therapeutic strategy.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the unexplained aspects of physical activity's role in these conditions.