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Design and Analysis for Fall Detection System Simplification
08:05

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Published on: April 6, 2020

Development of a fall-risk checklist using the Delphi technique.

Hui-Chi Huang1, Wen-Chuan Lin, Jin-Ding Lin

  • 1Department of Nursing, National Taipei College of Nursing, Taipei, Taiwan. huichi@ntcn.edu.tw

Journal of Clinical Nursing
|August 19, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study created a comprehensive checklist of intrinsic and extrinsic fall risk factors for older adults. The expert-validated tool aids nurses in identifying high-risk individuals and implementing fall prevention strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Nursing Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Aging populations experience increased fall risk due to musculoskeletal and neuromuscular changes.
  • Existing checklists often lack a comprehensive approach to intrinsic, extrinsic, and psychosocial fall risk factors.
  • A preliminary checklist was developed through a thorough literature review.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a comprehensive checklist of intrinsic and extrinsic fall risk factors for older adults.
  • To enhance nurses' understanding of fall risks and improve fall prevention measures.
  • To establish expert consensus on key risk factors through a systematic process.

Main Methods:

  • The Delphi technique was employed to achieve expert consensus from professionals across six diverse fields.
  • Three rounds of expert review were conducted to refine the checklist content and definitions.
  • Content Validity Index (CVI) was utilized to confirm the expert content validity of the developed checklist.

Main Results:

  • A preliminary 9-domain checklist was expanded to 10 domains: demographics, illness, medicine, balance, footwear, nutrition, cognition, social support, environment, and fear of falling.
  • Refinements included clarifying definitions of environmental hazards and lifestyle factors (e.g., dim light, clutter, exercise, substance use).
  • The final checklist incorporated validated instruments like the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and clearly defined 'fear of falling'.

Conclusions:

  • The Delphi technique proved effective in refining the fall risk checklist based on expert input and consensus.
  • Defined concepts, supported by visual aids, enhanced the reliability of expert contributions.
  • The validated checklist serves as a valuable tool for assessing fall risks in older adults, potentially reducing fall incidents.