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Disturbance regimes and life-history evolution.

D A Lytle1

  • 1Department of Entomology and Field of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA. dalytle@ag.arizona.edu

The American Naturalist
|August 19, 2008
PubMed
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Disturbance regimes influence life-history evolution by altering optimal body size and maturation timing. The model shows how disturbance scale and predictability impact evolutionary strategies, especially under high mortality.

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Theoretical Ecology

Background:

  • Disturbance regimes are crucial ecological factors, yet their evolutionary impacts on life-history strategies remain understudied.
  • Understanding how environmental disturbances shape organismal evolution is key to predicting ecological dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a model integrating disturbance dynamics with evolutionary life-history theory.
  • To predict optimal organismal responses to varying disturbance regimes, including body size and maturation timing.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a theoretical model combining within- and among-season disturbance dynamics with life-history theory.
  • Analyzed the effects of disturbance timing, frequency, predictability, and severity.
  • Explored both coarse-grained and fine-grained disturbance scenarios.

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Main Results:

  • Infrequent or unpredictable disturbances have minimal evolutionary effects despite high mortality.
  • Disturbance regimes can synchronize metamorphosis, leading to seasonal declines in body size at maturity.
  • Severe, coarse-grained disturbances have a greater evolutionary impact than fine-grained ones, highlighting population structure's role.

Conclusions:

  • Disturbance regimes significantly influence the evolution of life-history strategies, particularly body size and maturation.
  • Population structure is a critical evolutionary factor when disturbances are severe and coarse-grained.
  • Model predictions offer novel insights into the interplay between environmental disturbances and evolutionary adaptation.