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[Tuberculous meningitis in children].

V S Ivan'kova, V A Pavlov

    Problemy Tuberkuleza
    |January 1, 1991
    PubMed
    Summary

    Tuberculous meningitis in children often progresses gradually, with many cases going undetected. This serious childhood infection leads to significant mortality and long-term neurological damage in survivors.

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    Mucosal immunology·2013

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Neurology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Context:

    • Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a rare but severe form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
    • It predominantly affects children, often in the absence of adequate tuberculosis prophylaxis.
    • Understanding TBM's clinical presentation and outcomes is crucial for early diagnosis and management.

    Purpose:

    • To describe the clinical characteristics, course, and outcomes of tuberculous meningitis in children.
    • To identify patterns of disease presentation, including localization and complications.
    • To assess the long-term neurological sequelae and mortality associated with TBM in pediatric patients.

    Summary:

    • Tuberculous meningitis in children frequently presents with a gradual onset, dominated by infectious-toxic symptoms.
    • Basal meningitis with cranial nerve involvement occurred in 59% of cases, while 31.8% showed diffuse meningoencephalitis.
    • A significant proportion (63%) of TBM cases were progressive, undetected, and untreated, leading to 18% mortality and 9% neurological impairment at five years.

    Impact:

    • Highlights the critical need for improved tuberculosis prophylaxis and early detection strategies in children.
    • Emphasizes the severe neurological sequelae and high mortality rate associated with delayed or missed TBM diagnosis.
    • Informs clinical practice regarding the recognition of subtle TBM presentations and the importance of prompt treatment.

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