Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Calibration of Vector Network Analyzer for Measurements in Radio Frequency Propagation Channels
Published on: June 2, 2020
A tandem calibration method for kerma-area product meters
1STUK-Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, PO Box 14, FIN-00881 Helsinki, Finland. paula.toroi@stuk.fi
Abstract:
For measurements of the kerma-area product (KAP) in diagnostic x-ray imaging, a method for calibrating field KAP meters with a reference KAP meter is presented. In this tandem calibration method, the field KAP chamber is positioned similarly as in measurements with patients. The reference KAP chamber is placed at a specified distance and used in the x-ray beam simultaneously with the field KAP chamber. The tandem method provides a feasible and practical way for calibrating field KAP meters of any type in their clinical position. Accurate measurements of the irradiation geometry are not required, but comprehensive calibration for the reference KAP meter is needed.
Related Concept Videos
Instrument Calibration
Analytical Balance Calibration
An analytical balance measures mass and requires regular calibration to...
Distance Corrections
Calibration Curves: Linear Least Squares
For data that follow a straight line, the standard method for fitting is the linear...
Glassware Calibration
Volumetric flasks: Volumetric flasks are designed to prepare aqueous solutions of precise volumes accurately with a calibration line on the neck. To calibrate a volumetric flask, it is important to fill it with distilled...
Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments
Gas Thermometers and the Kelvin Scale

