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Interferometric microring-resonant 2 x 2 optical switches.

Sang-Yeon Cho1, Richard Soref

  • 1Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001, USA. sangycho@nmsu.edu

Optics Express
|August 20, 2008
PubMed
Summary

We developed novel waveguided interferometric optical switches using microring resonators. These switches achieve 100% 2x2 routing with minimal refractive index changes, enabling efficient optical signal control.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Optical Engineering
  • Integrated Optics
  • Nonlinear Optics

Background:

  • Optical switches are crucial for high-speed data communication networks.
  • Existing designs often face limitations in size, efficiency, or control mechanisms.
  • Waveguided interferometric devices offer potential for compact and efficient optical routing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present modeling and simulation of a new family of waveguided interferometric 2x2 optical routing switches.
  • To investigate the performance of these switches under various actuation methods (electro-optic, thermo-optic, all-optical).
  • To determine the required index perturbation for efficient switching.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized coupled microring resonators within a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) geometry.

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  • Employed an optical transfer-matrix technique to analyze electromagnetic response at 1550 nm.
  • Simulated switching characteristics for devices with perturbation applied to MZI arms, rings, or auxiliary rings.

    • Main Results:

    • A refractive index perturbation (Δn) of 2 x 10⁻³ is sufficient for 100% 2x2 switching.
    • Push-pull control, involving carrier injection and depletion, proves effective for switching.
    • The optical transfer-matrix method accurately predicted the switching behavior.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed waveguided interferometric switches offer high performance with compact designs.
    • Versatile perturbation application and push-pull control enhance switching efficiency.
    • The design is adaptable, allowing for microdisks as an alternative to microrings.