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Coagulation behavior of Al(13) aggregates.

Jr-Lin Lin¹, Ching-Ju M Chin, Chihpin Huang

¹Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao-Tung University, 75 Po-Ai Street, Hsinchu, Taiwan.

|August 22, 2008

Summary

The study reveals how aluminum (Al(13)) aggregates influence kaolin coagulation at alkaline pH. Coagulation mechanisms shift from electrostatic patch to interparticle bridging with increased coagulant dosage, affecting floc structure.

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Area of Science:

Colloid and Surface Science
Water Treatment Chemistry
Materials Science

Background:

Kaolin suspensions are challenging to treat due to their colloidal stability.
Polyaluminum chloride (PACl) with high Al(13) content is used as a coagulant.
Understanding coagulation mechanisms at alkaline pH is crucial for effective water treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the coagulation behavior of Al(13) aggregates in kaolin suspensions.
To elucidate the role of Al(13) polycations in kaolin coagulation at alkaline pH.
To characterize the structure of Al(13) aggregates formed during coagulation.

Main Methods:

Small angle static light scattering (SASLS) for aggregate structure.
Solid-state (27)Al Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) for aluminum speciation.
Tapping mode atomic force microscopy (TM-AFM) for in-situ imaging of aggregates.

Main Results:

Al(13) polycations were dominant in destabilizing kaolin particles, even at alkaline pH (pH 10).
Al(13) aggregates formed at higher PACl-Al(13) dosages.
Coagulation mechanisms transitioned from electrostatic patch to interparticle bridging with increasing coagulant dosage, influencing floc fractal dimensions (D(f)).
In-situ AFM confirmed linear and coiled Al(13) aggregates at high dosages and alkaline pH.

Conclusions:

Al(13) plays a key role in kaolin coagulation at alkaline pH.
Coagulant dosage significantly impacts the coagulation mechanism and resulting floc structure.
The formation of distinct Al(13) aggregate structures (linear and coiled) is confirmed, influencing coagulation outcomes.