Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Muscle Performance01:27

Exercise and Muscle Performance

Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Aging01:26

Aging

Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
Exercise and Cardiovascular Response01:20

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Exercise and Cardiac Output01:17

Exercise and Cardiac Output

Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be met...
Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A comparison of plasma Tsukushi in adolescents with and without metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Physiological reports·2026
Same author

Phenotypic Characterization of Unclassified Pulmonary Hypertension.

Circulation. Heart failure·2026
Same author

Effects of local heat on metabolic health, frailty risk, and exercise adaptations in pre-diabetic older adults: Protocol for the Heat and Exercise in Aging as Therapy (HEAT) clinical trial.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Lysosomal lipid metabolism promotes tumor cell invasion through local energetics and membrane lipid remodeling.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

A Universal Framework for Blood Ionome Extraction and Intelligent Quality Control in <sup>1</sup>H NMR Metabolomics.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same author

Maternal exercise during lactation remodels obesity-associated mammary metabolism and milk fatty acids, enhancing offspring lipid oxidation.

American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Getting to Compliance in Forced Exercise in Rodents: A Critical Standard to Evaluate Exercise Impact in Aging-related Disorders and Disease
10:19

Getting to Compliance in Forced Exercise in Rodents: A Critical Standard to Evaluate Exercise Impact in Aging-related Disorders and Disease

Published on: August 22, 2014

Endurance exercise as a countermeasure for aging.

Ian R Lanza1, Daniel K Short, Kevin R Short

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Diabetes
|August 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Physical inactivity, not aging, drives insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction. Regular endurance exercise preserves mitochondrial function and may promote longevity, even in older adults.

More Related Videos

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People
12:59

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

Published on: July 5, 2017

Assessment of Murine Exercise Endurance Without the Use of a Shock Grid: An Alternative to Forced Exercise
07:52

Assessment of Murine Exercise Endurance Without the Use of a Shock Grid: An Alternative to Forced Exercise

Published on: August 14, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Getting to Compliance in Forced Exercise in Rodents: A Critical Standard to Evaluate Exercise Impact in Aging-related Disorders and Disease
10:19

Getting to Compliance in Forced Exercise in Rodents: A Critical Standard to Evaluate Exercise Impact in Aging-related Disorders and Disease

Published on: August 22, 2014

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People
12:59

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

Published on: July 5, 2017

Assessment of Murine Exercise Endurance Without the Use of a Shock Grid: An Alternative to Forced Exercise
07:52

Assessment of Murine Exercise Endurance Without the Use of a Shock Grid: An Alternative to Forced Exercise

Published on: August 14, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology
  • Aging research
  • Metabolic health

Background:

  • Aging is often associated with reduced insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial dysfunction.
  • Physical activity levels may influence these age-related changes.
  • Understanding the interplay between aging, inactivity, and metabolic health is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether reduced insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial dysfunction are inevitable consequences of aging or secondary to physical inactivity.
  • To determine the effects of endurance exercise on age-related metabolic and mitochondrial changes.

Main Methods:

  • Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and muscle biopsies were used to assess insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial function in young and older sedentary and endurance-trained individuals.
  • Mass spectrometry, citrate synthase activity, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) abundance, and protein expression (including SIRT3) were measured.

Main Results:

  • Endurance-trained individuals exhibited higher insulin sensitivity and preserved mitochondrial oxidative capacity, irrespective of age.
  • While exercise normalized many age-related mitochondrial dysfunctions, some age effects persisted on mtDNA abundance and nuclear transcription factors.
  • SIRT3 expression was maintained with age in trained individuals but decreased in sedentary ones.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced insulin sensitivity is primarily linked to physical inactivity and adiposity, not aging itself.
  • Regular endurance exercise significantly mitigates age-related mitochondrial dysfunction.
  • Exercise may contribute to longevity through mechanisms overlapping with caloric restriction.