Immune thrombocytopenic purpura

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is the commonest cause of sudden onset thrombocytopenia in a healthy child. The condition is frequently preceded by a viral infection. The hematological parameters are essentially normal except a low platelet count. Bone marrow examination is not routinely indicated except in specific situations. The pros and cons of drug treatment have been discussed as the disease is benign with excellent prognosis in majority of the cases. The various treatment options including low and high dose steroids, intravenous immunoglobulins and anti D have been discussed at length with other modalities of treatment and role of splenectomy. Current therapeutic options with rituximab and other drugs for stimulating platelet production in chronic cases have also been included in discussion.