Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 2, 2026
07:32
Preparation and Characterization of Individual and Multi-drug Loaded Physically Entrapped Polymeric Micelles
Published on: August 28, 2015
Evaluation and optimization of preparative variables for controlled-release floatable microspheres prepared by poor
Yasunori Miyazaki1, Shigeru Yakou, Fumiki Yanagawa
1Department of Pharmacy, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Nishiogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan. myph@dnh.twmu.ac.jp
Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy
|August 23, 2008
Summary
Researchers optimized floatable theophylline microspheres for drug delivery. The study identified ideal parameters for maximizing buoyancy and controlling drug release, enhancing therapeutic potential.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Materials Science
Background:
- Floatable microspheres offer advantages in drug delivery, improving patient compliance and therapeutic efficacy.
- Theophylline is a widely used bronchodilator requiring optimized delivery systems for sustained action.
Purpose of the Study:
- To optimize preparative parameters for floatable theophylline microspheres using the emulsion-solvent evaporation method.
- To achieve simultaneous optimization for maximum buoyancy and controlled drug release profiles.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design to investigate independent variables: poor solvent volume, temperature-increase rate, and drug loading.
- Employed a partitioned artificial neural network for simultaneous optimization of dependent variables: percentage floating at 3 hours and time for 50% drug release.
Main Results:
- Identified optimal preparative parameters: 27.6% drug loading, 0.29°C/min temperature-increase rate, and 1.7 mL poor solvent.
- These parameters were found to maximize microsphere buoyancy and sustain theophylline release.
Conclusions:
- The emulsion-solvent evaporation method, optimized via Box-Behnken design and artificial neural networks, is effective for producing floatable theophylline microspheres.
- The identified optimal conditions provide a robust formulation for enhanced theophylline delivery with improved buoyancy and controlled release characteristics.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:20Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry
Orally administered drugs primarily enter the systemic circulation via passive diffusion through the intestinal membranes. The drug's absorption is influenced by drug stability in the gastrointestinal GI tract, membrane permeability, the surface area available for absorption, luminal drug concentration, and residence time in the lumen. Drug permeability can be enhanced by adjusting the lipophilicity, polarity, or molecular size of the drug, promoting its passive transport across intestinal...
01:28Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters
Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...
01:17In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Alternative Methods
Alternative drug dissolution methods include the rotating bottle, intrinsic dissolution test, peristalsis, and the Franz diffusion cell method. The rotating bottle method involves meticulously rotating tightly capped controlled-release beads in a temperature-controlled bath. Periodic decanting of samples allows for residue assay, followed by refilling with fresh medium and testing at various pH levels to emulate the gastrointestinal tract conditions.In contrast, the intrinsic dissolution test...
01:23Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area
Dissolution kinetics, an essential aspect of oral drug delivery, is significantly influenced by the drug's particle size. According to the Noyes-Whitney dissolution model, the dissolution rate correlates directly with the drug's surface area. The larger the surface area, the higher the drug's solubility in water, leading to a faster drug dissolution rate. Reducing particle size increases the effective surface area, enhancing the dissolution process. Micronization and nanosizing are employed to...