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Related Concept Videos

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the C=O, C=N, and C=C occur between 1600–1850 cm−1.
The...
IR Spectrum01:19

IR Spectrum

When infrared (IR) radiation passes through a molecule, the bonds stretch or bend by absorbing the radiation. This absorption creates the molecule's absorption spectrum, which is the plot of its percentage transmittance versus wavenumber.
Transmittance is defined as the ratio of the radiant power passing through a sample to that from the radiation's source. Multiplying the transmittance by 100 gives the percent transmittance (%T), which varies between 100% (no absorption) and 0% (complete...
IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations01:08

IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations

Identical bonds within a polyatomic group can stretch symmetrically (in-phase) or asymmetrically (out-of-phase). Similar to hydrogen bonding, these vibrations also influence the shape of the IR peak. Generally, asymmetric stretching frequencies are higher than symmetric stretching frequencies. For example, primary amines exhibit two distinct IR peaks between 3300–3500 cm−1 corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric N-H stretching, while secondary amines exhibit a single stretching vibration...
IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...
Bandpass Sampling01:17

Bandpass Sampling

In signal processing, bandpass sampling is an effective technique for sampling signals that have most of their energy concentrated within a narrow frequency band. This type of signal is known as a bandpass signal. The key principle of bandpass sampling involves sampling the signal at a rate that is greater than twice the signal's bandwidth to prevent aliasing.
A bandpass signal has a spectrum with a lower frequency limit, denoted as ω1, and an upper frequency limit, denoted as ω2. The spectrum...
IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching01:24

IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching

In IR spectroscopy, signals produced by the X−H bonds (such as C−H, O−H, or N−H) can be observed in the frequency range of  2700–4000 cm–1. The C−H stretching vibration forms sharp bands in the region 2850–3000 cm–1. The presence of the O−H stretching vibration leads to the forming of an absorption band in the frequency range 3650–3200 cm−1. At the same time, N−H stretching can be confirmed by absorption bands in the 3500–3100 cm−1 range. Even though both O−H and N−H bonds vibrate at a similar...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

RGB and Spectral Root Imaging for Plant Phenotyping and Physiological Research: Experimental Setup and Imaging Protocols
11:37

RGB and Spectral Root Imaging for Plant Phenotyping and Physiological Research: Experimental Setup and Imaging Protocols

Published on: August 8, 2017

[Wavebands selection for rice information extraction based on spectral bands inter-correlation].

Fu-Min Wang1, Jing-Feng Huang, Jun-Feng Xu

  • 1Institute of Agriculture Remote Sensing & Information System Application, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.

Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi = Guang Pu
|August 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study identifies key spectral bands for analyzing rice crops using hyperspectral data. Selecting specific visible and near-infrared bands reduces data redundancy, enabling efficient monitoring of rice status.

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A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope
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A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

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RGB and Spectral Root Imaging for Plant Phenotyping and Physiological Research: Experimental Setup and Imaging Protocols
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A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope
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A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

Published on: December 30, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Agricultural remote sensing
  • Spectroscopy
  • Data analysis

Context:

  • Hyperspectral remote sensing offers detailed crop information but generates large datasets, hindering routine use.
  • Quantifying agricultural crop biophysical and biochemical variables benefits from narrow spectral bands.
  • Challenges include data storage and analysis of extensive hyperspectral information.

Purpose:

  • To identify optimal spectral bands in the visible and near-infrared range for rice studies.
  • To reduce data redundancy in hyperspectral datasets for efficient rice monitoring.
  • To determine which spectral bands best capture rice characteristics.

Summary:

  • Hyperspectral reflectance data of rice canopies were analyzed to identify informative spectral bands.
  • Correlation coefficients (R2) were used to assess band redundancy, selecting bands with minimal overlap.
  • Key informative bands were identified in the visible, near-infrared (NIR), and short-wave infrared (SWIR) regions, including specific wavelengths crucial for rice characterization.

Impact:

  • Identified 17 spectral bands that capture the majority of rice information content.
  • Enables significant data reduction without substantial information loss for rice monitoring.
  • Facilitates higher spatial resolution in remote sensing of rice status.