Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 2, 2026

12:04
The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in C57BL/6 Mice
Published on: November 1, 2015
Altered T and B lymphocyte signaling pathways in lupus
1Clinical Research and Exploratory Development, 3431 Hillview Ave., M/S A2-259, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. stanford.peng@roche.com
Autoimmunity Reviews
|August 30, 2008
Summary
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) involves abnormal signaling in T and B immune cells. Recent research reveals specific molecular and genetic defects within these cells contributing to SLE pathogenesis.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by immune system dysregulation.
- Historical observations noted T and B lymphocyte hyperactivity in SLE patients.
- Recent advancements focus on the genetic and molecular underpinnings of these cellular abnormalities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recently elucidated signaling abnormalities in T and B lymphocytes in human SLE.
- To highlight the intrinsic molecular defects contributing to SLE pathogenesis.
Main Methods:
- This is a review article, synthesizing existing research.
- Focuses on genetic and molecular studies of T and B cell signaling in SLE.
Main Results:
- Identified specific signaling pathway dysregulations within T and B cells in SLE.
- These abnormalities are considered intrinsic to the lymphocytes.
Conclusions:
- Dysregulated T and B cell signaling is a key feature of systemic lupus erythematosus.
- Understanding these intrinsic molecular defects is crucial for SLE research and potential therapeutic strategies.
Related Concept Videos
T Cell Types and Functions
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...
B Cell Activation and Differentiation
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
TGF - β Signaling Pathway
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway
The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...

