Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity01:25

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity

Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...
Physical Properties of Amines01:26

Physical Properties of Amines

Amines with low molecular weight are usually gaseous at room temperature, while those with high molecular weight are liquid or solids in nature. Usually, low molecular weight amines have a rotten fish-like smell. Diamines typically have a pungent smell. For instance, cadaverine and putrescine, depicted in Figure 1, are two molecules responsible for decaying tissue.
Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane01:33

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
Amines to Amides: Acylation of Amines01:19

Amines to Amides: Acylation of Amines

Various carboxylic acid derivatives (such as acid chlorides, esters, and anhydrides) can be used for the acylation of amines to yield amides. The reaction requires two equivalents of amines. The first amine molecule functions as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl carbon to produce a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the loss of the leaving group and restoration of the C=O bond.
Next, the second equivalent of amine serves as a Brønsted base and deprotonates the quaternary amide...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Discovery of novel anti-<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> agent derived from thiazolidinone-isatin hybrids: synthesis, biological assessment, and computational modeling.

RSC advances·2026
Same author

Ellagitannins as Al(III) chelators: Determined binding sites with a predictive model.

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy·2026
Same author

Functional Genomics Screening in <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> Maps the Genetic Landscape of Tolerance to Paraquat and Diuron.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same author

Rapid Eukaryotic Impedimetric Biosensing of Naproxen and Isoniazid: A Proof-of-Concept for Acute Toxicity Monitoring.

Biosensors·2026
Same author

Kinetic Superselectivity in Multivalent Binding.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

CDK4/6 Inhibitors for Breast Cancer Therapy-A Review of Clinical Trials, Structural and Computational Approaches.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Chemical-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis Model Using Dimethylbenz[a]Anthracene and 12-O-Tetradecanoyl Phorbol-13-Acetate (DMBA-TPA)
04:12

Chemical-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis Model Using Dimethylbenz[a]Anthracene and 12-O-Tetradecanoyl Phorbol-13-Acetate (DMBA-TPA)

Published on: December 19, 2019

Carcinogenicity of acrylamide: a computational study.

Katja Galesa1, Urban Bren, Agata Kranjc

  • 1National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|August 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study uses computational chemistry to model how acrylamide, a food carcinogen, reacts with DNA's guanine base. The findings support an SN2 reaction mechanism and validate quantum chemical methods for cancer research.

More Related Videos

The Lambda Select cII Mutation Detection System
07:08

The Lambda Select cII Mutation Detection System

Published on: April 26, 2018

A Neuronal and Astrocyte Co-Culture Assay for High Content Analysis of Neurotoxicity
15:04

A Neuronal and Astrocyte Co-Culture Assay for High Content Analysis of Neurotoxicity

Published on: May 5, 2009

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Chemical-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis Model Using Dimethylbenz[a]Anthracene and 12-O-Tetradecanoyl Phorbol-13-Acetate (DMBA-TPA)
04:12

Chemical-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis Model Using Dimethylbenz[a]Anthracene and 12-O-Tetradecanoyl Phorbol-13-Acetate (DMBA-TPA)

Published on: December 19, 2019

The Lambda Select cII Mutation Detection System
07:08

The Lambda Select cII Mutation Detection System

Published on: April 26, 2018

A Neuronal and Astrocyte Co-Culture Assay for High Content Analysis of Neurotoxicity
15:04

A Neuronal and Astrocyte Co-Culture Assay for High Content Analysis of Neurotoxicity

Published on: May 5, 2009

Area of Science:

  • Computational chemistry
  • Molecular modeling
  • Carcinogenesis research

Background:

  • Acrylamide is a food carcinogen formed during cooking.
  • It is metabolized to glycidamide, the active carcinogen.
  • DNA adduct formation is a key step in carcinogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the reaction mechanism between glycidamide and guanine using computational methods.
  • To assess the accuracy of quantum chemical calculations in predicting reaction energetics and stereoselectivity.
  • To explore the competing reaction with adenine.

Main Methods:

  • Ab initio, density functional theory (DFT), and semiempirical molecular orbital (MO) calculations were employed.
  • Solvation effects were modeled using the Langevin dipoles (LD) and solvent reaction field (SCRF) models.
  • Quantum chemical methods were used to simulate reaction pathways and predict activation energies.

Main Results:

  • Calculated activation free energies closely matched experimental values (22.8 kcal/mol).
  • The results strongly support an SN2 reaction mechanism for glycidamide-guanine adduct formation.
  • Insignificant stereoselectivity was predicted for the primary reaction.
  • The simulation successfully reproduced the experimentally observed regioselectivity for the glycidamide-adenine reaction.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum chemical methods are applicable and reliable for studying reactions involved in carcinogenesis.
  • The study provides strong evidence for the SN2 mechanism in DNA adduct formation by glycidamide.
  • Computational modeling can accurately predict reaction outcomes, aiding in understanding and preventing chemically induced cancers.