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Related Concept Videos

Ethics in Research01:56

Ethics in Research

Today, scientists agree that good research is ethical in nature and is guided by a basic respect for human dignity and safety. However, this has not always been the case. Modern researchers must demonstrate that the research they perform is ethically sound.
Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
Cross-Sectional Research01:50

Cross-Sectional Research

In cross-sectional research, a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time. If they were interested in people's dietary habits, the researcher might directly compare different groups of people by age. Instead of following a group of people for 20 years to see how their dietary habits changed from decade to decade, the researcher would study a group of 20-year-old individuals and compare them to a group of 30-year-old individuals and a group of 40-year-old...
Archival Research01:40

Archival Research

Some researchers gain access to large amounts of data without interacting with a single research participant. Instead, they use existing records to answer various research questions. This type of research approach is known as archival research. Archival research relies on looking at past records or data sets to look for interesting patterns or relationships. For example, a researcher might access the academic records of all individuals who enrolled in college within the past ten years and...
Observational Studies01:11

Observational Studies

Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One example of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

A Naturalistic Setup for Presenting Real People and Live Actions in Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Studies
07:43

A Naturalistic Setup for Presenting Real People and Live Actions in Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Studies

Published on: August 4, 2023

The changing face of "real research".

Howard H Hiatt1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02120, USA. hhiatt@partners.org

Perspectives in Biology and Medicine
|August 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Clinical research has expanded over 50 years from physiology to include diverse fields like molecular biology and social sciences. This memoir highlights this evolution and the impact of mentorship.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Research
  • Interdisciplinary Science

Background:

  • Clinical research in teaching hospitals has evolved significantly over the last 50 years.
  • The scope has broadened beyond traditional physiological studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document the expanding research agenda in clinical departments.
  • To illustrate the role of mentorship in academic and scientific progression.

Main Methods:

  • This is a memoir, relying on personal reflection and anecdotal evidence.
  • Examples of interdisciplinary research and mentorship are presented.

Main Results:

  • The research landscape has integrated biochemistry, molecular biology, quantitative sciences, and social sciences.
  • Mentorship, both receiving and giving, has been a key factor in the author's career development.

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Methods for Presenting Real-world Objects Under Controlled Laboratory Conditions
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Methods for Presenting Real-world Objects Under Controlled Laboratory Conditions

Published on: June 21, 2019

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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

A Naturalistic Setup for Presenting Real People and Live Actions in Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Studies
07:43

A Naturalistic Setup for Presenting Real People and Live Actions in Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Studies

Published on: August 4, 2023

Methods for Presenting Real-world Objects Under Controlled Laboratory Conditions
06:54

Methods for Presenting Real-world Objects Under Controlled Laboratory Conditions

Published on: June 21, 2019

Conclusions:

  • Clinical research has become increasingly multifaceted, incorporating diverse scientific disciplines.
  • Mentorship plays a crucial role in fostering scientific advancement and career growth within academic medical centers.