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Increased pulse rate

Increased pulse rate

Tachycardia is a condition marked by an abnormally fast or irregular heart rate, surpassing the typical resting rate. In adults, tachycardia is characterized by a pulse rate ranging from 100 to 180 beats per minute. The increased heart rate can result in inadequate blood flow to various body parts, ultimately diminishing the oxygen supply to organs and tissues.
Many factors can elevate the risk of developing tachycardia. These include advanced age, a family history of arrhythmias, and an...

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per minute.

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class IV Agents as Calcium Channel Blockers

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class IV Agents as Calcium Channel Blockers

Class IV antiarrhythmic drugs, such as verapamil and diltiazem, block calcium channels. They primarily affect the heart, slowing the conduction in calcium-dependent tissues like the SA and AV nodes. These drugs manage reentrant supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and reduce ventricular rate in atrial flutter/fibrillation.
Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, inhibits calcium movement across myocardial cell membranes and vascular smooth muscle. This results in the dilation of coronary and...

Decreased pulse rate

Decreased pulse rate

Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with bradycardia...

Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs

Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs

Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs), including Desipramine (Norpramin), Imipramine (Tofranil), Clomipramine (Anafranil), and Amitriptyline (Elavil), inhibit serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and also block other receptors. They are used for depression, pain conditions, and insomnia. Common adverse effects include anticholinergic effects, sedation, orthostatic hypotension, and weight gain. They have a narrow therapeutic window and so require plasma-level monitoring. Abrupt discontinuation can...

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Related Experiment Videos

Duloxetine-associated tachycardia.

Debra L Stevens¹

¹OKDHS/Developmental Disabilities Services, Division LOC #1353, 2400 N. Lincoln Blvd., 2nd Floor, Oklahoma City, OK 73125, USA. Debra.Stevens@okdhs.org

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy

|August 30, 2008

Summary

Duloxetine, an antidepressant, can cause symptomatic tachycardia, a rapid heart rate. This case report shows propranolol effectively managed this side effect, even when duloxetine was continued for mood benefits.

Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Cardiology
Psychiatry

Background:

Duloxetine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor used for depression and other conditions.
Tachycardia and increased heart rate are known potential side effects of duloxetine, though often reported at higher doses.

Observation:

A 26-year-old male developed symptomatic tachycardia, fatigue, and chest pain after starting duloxetine for dysthymic disorder.
Cardiac investigations were normal except for a heart rate of 110-120 bpm.
Tachycardia resolved upon duloxetine discontinuation and recurred upon reinitiation, suggesting a causal link.

Findings:

The Naranjo probability scale indicated duloxetine as a probable cause of the patient's tachycardia.
Propranolol was successfully used to manage the tachycardia, allowing for continued use of duloxetine due to its mood benefits.

Related Experiment Videos

This case highlights potential cardiovascular effects of duloxetine, even at low doses (20 mg/day).

Implications:

Clinicians should monitor for and consider drug-induced tachycardia in patients on duloxetine.
Understanding the mechanism involving norepinephrine modulation is crucial for managing cardiovascular side effects.
This case adds to the literature on duloxetine's cardiovascular effects and management strategies.