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Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
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Published on: August 8, 2019

Cardiovascular risk factors and primary selection into shift work.

Kirsten Nabe-Nielsen1, Anne Helene Garde, Finn Tüchsen

  • 1The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lerso Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. knn@nrcwe.dk

Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health
|August 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Future shift workers, particularly those in fixed evening or night roles, smoked more than future day workers even before starting their schedules. Smoking is a key confounder, not just a mediator, for shift work and cardiovascular disease risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Cardiovascular Epidemiology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Shift work is prevalent in social and health care sectors.
  • Cardiovascular risk factors are a significant concern for shift workers.
  • Pre-employment differences in risk factors between future shift and day workers are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare cardiovascular risk factors in future shift workers versus day workers before schedule commencement.
  • To identify risk factors that persist after controlling for sociodemographic factors and self-efficacy.
  • To investigate the role of smoking as a potential confounder or mediator in shift work and cardiovascular health.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 2870 social and health care workers was surveyed before graduation and one year post-graduation.
  • Questionnaires assessed diabetes, hypertension, lifestyle, sociodemographics, and general self-efficacy.
  • Statistical analyses, including adjusted odds ratios, were used to examine associations.

Main Results:

  • Future fixed evening or night workers had higher baseline smoking rates compared to future day workers.
  • Smoking was prospectively associated with fixed evening and fixed night work after adjustments.
  • Being an ex-smoker was significantly linked to two- or three-shift work, including night shifts.

Conclusions:

  • Smoking status predates shift work commencement and differs between future shift and day workers.
  • Smoking should be considered a confounder in the relationship between shift work schedules and cardiovascular disease.
  • Interventions targeting smoking cessation may be crucial for mitigating cardiovascular risks associated with shift work.