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Analytical Techniques for Assaying Nitric Oxide Bioactivity
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Nitrate therapy: is there an optimal substance and formulation?

H L Fung1

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, State University of New York, Buffalo 14260.

European Heart Journal
|May 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Nitrate therapy effectively treats coronary artery disease, but current formulations offer only about 12 hours of protection against angina. An ideal nitrate drug and formulation for continuous, around-the-clock protection is still unavailable.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Nitrate therapy is a cornerstone in managing coronary artery diseases.
  • Various nitrate compounds and pharmaceutical formulations exist for clinical application.
  • Understanding their performance is crucial for optimizing patient treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical performance of available nitrate drug/formulation combinations.
  • To compare onset, duration, tolerance, and patient acceptance of different nitrate therapies.
  • To present a pharmacodynamic model for assessing nitrate efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing data on nitrate drug and formulation performance.
  • Pharmacodynamic modeling to assess therapeutic activity.
  • Analysis of factors influencing onset, duration, and tolerance.

Main Results:

  • Sustained-release nitrate preparations can offer up to 12 hours of protection against exercise-induced angina with repeated dosing.
  • A 'nitrate-free' or 'nitrate-poor' interval is necessary for sustained efficacy.
  • Current nitrate formulations do not provide complete 24-hour protection.

Conclusions:

  • Nitrate therapy is beneficial for coronary artery disease, but optimal formulations are lacking.
  • Further research is needed to develop nitrate substances and formulations for around-the-clock angina protection.
  • Pharmacodynamic assessment aids in understanding and improving nitrate therapeutic strategies.