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Lineage Commitment

Lineage Commitment

Commitment is the process whereby stem cells:

Hematopoiesis

Hematopoiesis

The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...

Production of Formed Elements

Production of Formed Elements

Hemangioblasts are multipotent stem cells originating from the mesoderm. They give rise to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which undergo hematopoiesis to produce all the formed elements of blood. This process is regulated by a complex network of hematopoietic growth factors, including transcription factors, growth factors, and cytokines. These factors stimulate the HSCs to divide and differentiate, though some HSCs remain undifferentiated to maintain a self-renewing pool.
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Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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Directed Differentiation of Primitive and Definitive Hematopoietic Progenitors from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Delineating the cellular pathways of hematopoietic lineage commitment.

Sidinh Luc¹, Natalija Buza-Vidas, Sten Eirik W Jacobsen

¹Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.

Seminars in Immunology

|August 30, 2008

Summary

Early blood cell development involves distinct myeloid and lymphoid pathways. Research shows specialized progenitors, lymphoid-primed multipotent progenitors (LMPPs) and common myeloid progenitors (CMPs), establish these independent commitment routes early in fetal liver development.

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Published on: March 21, 2017

Area of Science:

Hematopoiesis
Developmental Biology
Stem Cell Biology

Background:

The traditional model of adult hematopoiesis suggests a strict divergence into myeloid and lymphoid lineages.
Recent findings challenge this by identifying progenitor populations with distinct lineage potentials within the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the establishment of independent granulocyte/monocyte (GM)-megakaryocyte/erythroid (GM-MkE) and GM-lymphoid commitment pathways.
To understand the molecular and biological changes associated with early lineage fate decisions in hematopoiesis.

Main Methods:

Identification and characterization of specific progenitor populations, including lymphoid-primed multipotent progenitors (LMPPs) and common myeloid progenitors (CMPs).
Analysis of multilineage transcriptional priming in relation to lineage potentials.

Main Results:

LMPPs exhibit down-regulation of megakaryocyte/erythroid (MkE) priming and up-regulation of GM-lymphoid transcriptional priming.
CMPs demonstrate GM-MkE transcriptional priming.
These distinct transcriptional states and lineage potentials are established early, even in the fetal liver.

Conclusions:

The findings support the existence of independent GM-MkE and GM-lymphoid commitment pathways, initiated by distinct progenitor populations.
These early lineage fate decisions are characterized by specific transcriptional priming and are established during fetal development.