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Cognitive function in children with type 1 diabetes: a meta-analysis

Patricia A Gaudieri1, Rusan Chen, Tammy F Greer

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA. patricia_gaudieri@urmc.rochester.edu

Diabetes Care
|August 30, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Children with type 1 diabetes show slightly lower cognitive scores overall. Early-onset diabetes (EOD) is linked to more significant impacts on learning, memory, and attention compared to late-onset diabetes (LOD).

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Neuropsychology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic condition affecting children worldwide.
  • Cognitive function in pediatric T1D is a growing area of research.
  • Previous studies suggest potential cognitive impacts, but a comprehensive meta-analysis is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify cognitive difficulties in pediatric T1D.
  • To examine the influence of early disease onset on cognition.
  • To assess the impact of severe hypoglycemia on cognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of pediatric cognitive studies since 1985.
  • Inclusion of studies from MEDLINE and PsycInfo databases.
  • Meta-analysis using effect sizes (Cohen's d) to compare T1D and control groups.

Main Results:

  • Overall cognition was slightly lower in children with T1D (ES -0.13).
  • Learning, memory, and attention were more affected in early-onset T1D (EOD) versus late-onset T1D (LOD).
  • EOD showed larger cognitive deficits, particularly in learning and memory (-0.49).

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric T1D is associated with mild cognitive score reductions across most domains.
  • Cognitive effects are more pronounced in EOD.
  • Seizures had minimal and inconsistent effects on cognition.
Abstract

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