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Published on: December 5, 2025

Long-term non-invasive positive airway pressure ventilation in infants

Agneta Markström1, Kerstin Sundell, Nader Stenberg

  • 1Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, National Respiratory Centre, Div of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Stockholm, Sweden. agneta.markstrom@ds.se

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|August 30, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Long-term non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is safe and effective for infants with severe respiratory failure, improving gas exchange and potentially preventing invasive procedures like intubation or tracheotomy.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Critical Care

Background:

  • Infants with life-threatening ventilatory failure require advanced respiratory support.
  • Long-term management strategies are crucial for improving outcomes in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the clinical utility of long-term non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in infants with severe ventilatory failure.
  • To evaluate diagnosis, treatment initiation, duration, outcomes, and adverse effects of NIV in infants.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 18 infants receiving home-based NIV over 7 years.
  • Inclusion criteria: TcPCO(2) >6.5 kPa, TcPO(2) <8.5 kPa, and/or reduced cough/recurrent infections.

Main Results:

  • NIV initiated at a median age of 4 months for hypoventilation or respiratory infections.
  • Median treatment duration was 24 months, with significant improvements in TcPCO(2) and TcPO(2).
  • Only two infants required tracheotomy; intubation was avoided in most cases.

Conclusions:

  • Non-invasive ventilation is a viable and safe option for prolonged management of infants with life-threatening ventilatory failure.
  • NIV can improve respiratory parameters and potentially prevent the need for invasive airway interventions.
Abstract

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