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An allelopathic substance in red pine needles (Pinus densiflora).

Hisashi Kato-Noguchi¹, Yoshiko Fushimi, Hideyuki Shigemori

¹Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan. hisashi@ag.kagawa-u.ac.jp

Journal of Plant Physiology

|August 30, 2008

Summary

Red pine (Pinus densiflora) needle extracts contain growth-inhibiting compounds. A key substance, 9alpha,13beta-epidioxyabeit-8(14)en-18-oic acid, was identified as a major contributor to this allelopathic effect.

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Area of Science:

Plant Science
Ecology
Biochemistry

Background:

Plant extracts can exhibit allelopathic properties, influencing neighboring plant growth.
Red pine (Pinus densiflora) is a common species with potential allelopathic interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the allelopathic potential of red pine needle extracts.
To identify the specific compounds responsible for growth inhibition.

Main Methods:

Aqueous methanol extracts of red pine needles were tested for phytotoxicity against various plant species.
Purification and spectral analysis were used to isolate and identify the inhibitory substance.
The isolated compound's effect on seedling growth was evaluated.

Main Results:

Red pine needle extracts significantly inhibited root and shoot growth in multiple test species.
9alpha,13beta-epidioxyabeit-8(14)en-18-oic acid was isolated as the primary growth inhibitor.
This compound demonstrated significant phytotoxicity at concentrations above 0.1 mM.

Conclusions:

9alpha,13beta-epidioxyabeit-8(14)en-18-oic acid is a key allelochemical in red pine needles.
This compound likely contributes significantly to the allelopathic effects of red pine.