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In vivo Imaging of Optic Nerve Fiber Integrity by Contrast-Enhanced MRI in Mice
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Published on: July 22, 2014

Assessing optic nerve pathology with diffusion MRI: from mouse to human.

Junqian Xu1, Shu-Wei Sun, Robert T Naismith

  • 1Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.

NMR in Biomedicine
|August 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Directional diffusivities show promise for detecting specific axonal and myelin damage in the optic nerve, aiding in diagnosing conditions like glaucoma and multiple sclerosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Optic nerve damage is common in glaucoma and multiple sclerosis.
  • Conventional MRI lacks specificity in assessing optic nerve pathologies.
  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics like mean diffusivity and diffusion anisotropy are sensitive but not specific.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status of diffusion MRI for human optic nerve assessment.
  • To explore the potential of directional diffusivities as specific biomarkers for optic nerve injury.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diffusion MRI techniques and protocols for the human optic nerve.
  • Analysis of directional diffusivities (axial and radial) in preclinical models and human studies.
  • Comparison of DTI metrics in optic neuritis patients.

Main Results:

  • Directional diffusivities demonstrate specificity to axonal and myelin damage in animal models.
  • Increased mean diffusivity and decreased diffusion anisotropy observed in human optic neuritis.
  • Technical challenges exist in translating findings to human optic nerve imaging.

Conclusions:

  • Directional diffusivities hold significant potential as specific biomarkers for axonal and myelin injury in the optic nerve.
  • Further standardization of imaging protocols is needed for clinical application.
  • Diffusion MRI, particularly directional diffusivities, could improve diagnosis of optic neuropathies.