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Recent progress in bone induction by osteogenin and bone morphogenetic proteins: challenges for biomechanical and
1Bone Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Journal of Biomechanical Engineering
|May 1, 1991
Summary
Demineralized bone matrix implantation induces local bone formation. Advances in bone morphogenetic proteins and tissue engineering enable the rational design of new bone for skeletal prostheses.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Tissue Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) implantation triggers local bone induction, a process involving mesenchymal cell chemotaxis, proliferation, and differentiation.
- Osteogenin, a specific bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), has been purified and its amino acid sequence elucidated.
- Recent advancements include cloning and recombinant expression of a family of BMPs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the potential of growth and morphogenetic factors for rational bone design.
- To address the biomechanical engineering challenge of creating mechanically optimal and functionally adaptive bone for skeletal prostheses.
- To leverage cellular and molecular biology principles for fabricating new bone based on tissue engineering design.
Main Methods:
- Bone induction via demineralized bone matrix implantation.
- Purification and amino acid sequencing of osteogenin.
- Cloning and recombinant DNA technology for bone morphogenetic protein expression.
- Application of cellular and molecular biology principles.
Main Results:
- Local bone induction is achievable through DBM implantation.
- Purification and sequencing of osteogenin provide insights into its structure.
- Recombinant DNA technology enables the production of BMPs.
- The availability of growth factors facilitates rational bone design.
Conclusions:
- The availability of growth and morphogenetic factors paves the way for the rational design of new bone.
- Biomechanical engineers face the challenge of developing mechanically optimal and functionally adaptive bone for prostheses.
- Tissue engineering, grounded in cellular and molecular biology, is poised to enable new bone fabrication based on sound architectural design principles.