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Geoengineering: could we or should we make it work?

Stephen H Schneider1

  • 1Department of Biology, Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. shs@stanford.edu

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|September 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Geoengineering schemes aim to control climate by altering environmental systems, but face significant uncertainties regarding effectiveness and long-term international cooperation. Critics highlight risks of unintended consequences and transboundary conflicts, questioning social feasibility.

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Area of Science:

  • Climate Science
  • Environmental Engineering
  • International Relations

Background:

  • Geoengineering proposals have existed for over 50 years, aiming to modify large-scale environmental systems.
  • Schemes include ocean iron injection, marine boundary layer sea-salt aerosol, and stratospheric dust for solar radiation management.
  • Recent proposals are presented as cost-effective alternatives to conventional mitigation or as a response to delayed climate policy action.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review proposed geoengineering schemes for climate modification.
  • To analyze the arguments for and against geoengineering, including cost-effectiveness and necessity.
  • To examine the uncertainties and potential risks associated with large-scale geoengineering.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical and recent geoengineering proposals.
  • Analysis of proponent arguments (cost-effectiveness, policy delay).
  • Examination of critic arguments (uncertainty of effectiveness, social/political feasibility, transboundary conflicts).

Main Results:

  • Geoengineering schemes aim for various outcomes, including temperature modification, precipitation changes, and sea ice reduction.
  • Proponents cite cost-effectiveness and a need for preparedness against inadequate mitigation efforts.
  • Critics emphasize uncertainties in scheme functionality, the need for centuries of political stability, and the potential for international conflict.

Conclusions:

  • Geoengineering presents potential solutions but faces substantial technical and social hurdles.
  • The long-term maintenance and international cooperation required for geoengineering are socially questionable.
  • Potential transboundary conflicts arising from negative climatic events during geoengineering activities are a significant concern.