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Related Concept Videos

Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Simple Epithelium01:30

Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Simple Epithelium

Simple epithelium consists of a single layer of cells that lines body cavities and blood vessels. The shape of the cells in the epithelium reflects the function of the tissue. Cells in simple squamous epithelium appear as thin scales with flat, elliptical nuclei that mirror the form of the cell.
Because of the thinness of the cells, simple squamous epithelium is present where the rapid passage of chemical compounds is observed. For example, the endothelium that lines the capillaries and vessels...
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation01:19

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation

Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract01:29

Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract

The human respiratory tract, comprising the upper and lower segments, serves as a critical interface with the external environment. The upper respiratory tract (URT)—including the nostrils, sinuses, pharynx, and oropharynx—is heavily colonized by microbes, while the lower respiratory tract (LRT), composed of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, was long thought to be sterile. However, recent molecular studies have revealed that the lungs are not devoid of microbes but act more like...
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Isolating Bronchial Epithelial Cells from Resected Lung Tissue for Biobanking and Establishing Well-Differentiated Air-Liquid Interface Cultures
08:42

Isolating Bronchial Epithelial Cells from Resected Lung Tissue for Biobanking and Establishing Well-Differentiated Air-Liquid Interface Cultures

Published on: May 26, 2023

Airway epithelial cells: current concepts and challenges.

Ronald G Crystal1, Scott H Randell, John F Engelhardt

  • 1Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA. geneticmedicine@med.cornell.edu

Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society
|September 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Airway epithelial stem cells are crucial for lung health and defense. New research explores their development, maintenance, and response to environmental stress in lung diseases.

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iPSC-Derived Epithelial, Mesenchymal, Endothelial, and Immune Cell Co-Culture to Model Airway Barrier Integrity in Lung Health and Disease

Published on: December 6, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Cell Biology
  • Respiratory System Research

Background:

  • The airway epithelium forms a critical barrier in the bronchial tree, essential for lung defense against environmental factors.
  • Dysfunction of airway epithelial cells is implicated in major lung diseases like COPD, asthma, and lung cancer.
  • Recent advances in genetics and stem cell biology offer new insights into airway epithelium development and maintenance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of current knowledge on airway epithelial stem/progenitor cells.
  • To discuss gene expression, cell interactions, and rare cell types within the airway epithelium.
  • To identify future research directions for airway epithelium in health and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on airway epithelial biology.
  • Synthesis of recent findings in genetics and stem cell research related to the respiratory system.
  • Analysis of cell-cell interactions and gene expression patterns.

Main Results:

  • Detailed examination of airway epithelial stem/progenitor cell characteristics.
  • Exploration of the role of gene expression and cell communication in epithelial function.
  • Identification of less common cell types within the airway epithelium.

Conclusions:

  • Significant progress has been made in understanding airway epithelium.
  • New developments highlight the importance of stem/progenitor cells in airway maintenance and disease.
  • Future research should focus on stem cell biology, gene regulation, and cellular interactions for lung health.