Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
Epilepsy ll: Types01:22

Epilepsy ll: Types

Recurrent seizures, stemming from abnormal electrical activity in the brain, are the defining characteristic of epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition. Because seizure features vary greatly, epilepsy is classified using two systems: by seizure type and by epilepsy syndromes. These classifications enable clinicians to describe seizure patterns and select suitable treatment strategies.I. Classification by Seizure Type1. Focal EpilepsyFocal epilepsy begins in one hemisphere of the brain.
Seizures l: Introduction01:20

Seizures l: Introduction

Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...
Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early years,...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein

Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
SV2A is a transmembrane glycoprotein located predominantly in the brain, modulating the release of neurotransmitters for neuronal communication. Both levetiracetam and brivaracetam exhibit a high affinity for...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Determining hemispheric language dominance from MEG beta-power modulations: Concordance with fMRI.

NeuroImage·2026
Same author

Nothing to Write Home About? A Scoping Review of Letters of Recommendation in the Match.

Medical science educator·2026
Same author

Intracranial EEG findings and outcomes in MRI-negative epilepsy with temporal lobe semiology and scalp EEG features.

Epilepsy & behavior : E&B·2026
Same author

Comment on "Biology and Management of Male-Bodied Athletes in Elite Female Sports" by Handelsman and Bermon.

Drug testing and analysis·2025
Same author

Epilepsy surgery outcomes in children with tuberous sclerosis complex: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics·2025
Same author

Binding of cortical functional modules by synchronous high-frequency oscillations.

Nature human behaviour·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study
11:29

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study

Published on: August 15, 2025

Epilepsy surgery and tuberous sclerosis complex: special considerations.

Robert J Bollo1, Stephen P Kalhorn, Chad Carlson

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine and New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, USA. robert.bollo@nyumc.org

Neurosurgical Focus
|September 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Epilepsy surgery can effectively manage medically refractory seizures in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Targeting the epileptogenic zone, even in complex cases, offers significant benefits for seizure control.

More Related Videos

Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy (SEEG) With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note
05:54

Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy (SEEG) With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note

Published on: June 13, 2016

Robotic-Guided Stereoelectroencephalography for Invasive Epilepsy Monitoring
11:28

Robotic-Guided Stereoelectroencephalography for Invasive Epilepsy Monitoring

Published on: June 13, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study
11:29

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study

Published on: August 15, 2025

Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy (SEEG) With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note
05:54

Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy (SEEG) With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note

Published on: June 13, 2016

Robotic-Guided Stereoelectroencephalography for Invasive Epilepsy Monitoring
11:28

Robotic-Guided Stereoelectroencephalography for Invasive Epilepsy Monitoring

Published on: June 13, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Pediatric Epilepsy

Background:

  • Epilepsy surgery is a recognized treatment for medically refractory seizures in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC).
  • Optimal seizure control is often achieved by surgically targeting a single tuber and its associated epileptogenic zone.
  • Advances in imaging and physiological techniques aid in identifying the epileptogenic zone for surgical planning in children with TSC.

Observation:

  • Various surgical strategies have emerged, influenced by individual epilepsy centers' expertise and referral patterns.
  • Some TSC patients with difficult-to-localize seizures may still benefit from surgery, even if not meeting classic criteria.
  • Intracranial electrode recordings in TSC patients undergoing surgery raise questions about the tuber-epileptogenic zone relationship.

Findings:

  • Tuberectomy alone is frequently insufficient for adequate seizure control.
  • Surgical intervention can provide significant seizure reduction in select TSC patients.
  • Epilepsy surgery in TSC contributes to a better understanding of epileptogenesis.

Implications:

  • Careful risk-benefit assessment is crucial for surgical candidates with TSC, considering alternatives to refractory epilepsy.
  • Epilepsy surgery offers a viable treatment option for improving quality of life in children with TSC.
  • Further research into the epileptogenic zone in TSC is warranted to refine surgical approaches.