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Related Concept Videos

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...
Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue

Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification
07:23

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification

Published on: December 3, 2016

Engineering endochondral bone: in vivo studies.

Serafim M Oliveira1, Dindo Q Mijares, Gloria Turner

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, ESTV-Escola Superior de Tecnologia de Viseu, Viseu, Portugal.

Tissue Engineering. Part A
|September 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers engineered new bone using a transient cartilage scaffold to induce endochondral ossification. This novel biomaterial approach successfully generated ectopic bone in vivo, offering a promising strategy for bone regeneration.

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Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones
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Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones

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Integrated Bone Formation Through In Vivo Endochondral Ossification Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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Integrated Bone Formation Through In Vivo Endochondral Ossification Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: July 14, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification
07:23

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification

Published on: December 3, 2016

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones
06:58

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones

Published on: April 26, 2019

Integrated Bone Formation Through In Vivo Endochondral Ossification Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells
06:05

Integrated Bone Formation Through In Vivo Endochondral Ossification Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: July 14, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Orthopedic Research

Background:

  • Biomaterials have long been used for bone replacement.
  • Recent advances focus on cultured cells and growth factors for enhanced bone repair.
  • Existing methods often require complex cell culturing or growth factor delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel method for engineering new bone using a transient cartilage scaffold.
  • To investigate the induction of endochondral ossification via engineered cartilage.
  • To assess the efficacy of chondrocyte/chitosan scaffolds in ectopic bone formation.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of chondrocyte/chitosan scaffolds (transient experimental, permanent control).
  • Subcutaneous implantation in nude mice for 5 months.
  • Evaluation of bone formation using Faxitron, micro CT, backscatter electron imaging, and FTIR spectroscopy.
  • Histological analysis of tissue changes.

Main Results:

  • Ectopic bone deposition detected on experimental implants within 1 month.
  • Formation of bone trabeculae and bone marrow cavities within 3 months.
  • Deposited bone exhibited characteristics similar to native mouse bone.
  • No bone formation observed in control implants.

Conclusions:

  • Engineered transient cartilage templates can successfully induce endochondral bone formation in vivo.
  • This approach offers a promising strategy for bone regeneration without requiring exogenous growth factors.
  • The transient nature of the scaffold is crucial for successful bone induction.