Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Deductive Reasoning01:16

Deductive Reasoning

Deductive reasoning, or deduction, is the type of logic used in hypothesis-based science. In deductive reasoning, the pattern of thinking moves in the opposite direction from inductive reasoning. It uses a general principle or law to predict specific results. From these general principles, a scientist can predict specific results that remain valid as long as the general principles are correct.For example, a researcher can make specific predictions from the hypothesis "butterflies are attracted...
Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the brain can only use...
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.
Natural and Artificial Concepts01:24

Natural and Artificial Concepts

In psychology, concepts can be divided into two categories: natural and artificial. Natural concepts are formed through direct or indirect experiences. For example, consider the concept of snow. If you live in a place with regular snowfall, such as Essex Junction, Vermont, you know snow through direct experiences. You’ve seen it fall, touched it, shoveled it, and played in it. You recognize its texture, appearance, and even its smell. In contrast, if you live on an island like Saint Vincent in...
Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System01:15

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Author Correction: Cerebellar aging is spatially heterogeneous and supports cognitive resilience in later life.

Nature neuroscience·2026
Same author

Cerebellar aging is spatially heterogeneous and supports cognitive resilience in later life.

Nature neuroscience·2026
Same author

A Multiple-Well Framework for Human Perceptual Decision-Making.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

AI-Enhanced Semantic Feature Norms for 786 Concepts.

Topics in cognitive science·2025
Same author

Learning expectations shape cognitive control allocation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

Test-retest reliability of the human connectome: An OPM-MEG study.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2025
Same journal

Intranasal stromal cell-derived factor-1α mitigates parkinsonian deficits via dual modulation of neuroinflammation and gut microbiota in MPTP-induced models.

Brain research·2026
Same journal

Emotions, the amygdala, and the right hemisphere.

Brain research·2026
Same journal

Electroacupuncture treatment enhances hippocampal growth hormone level and restores mitochondrial function in vascular dementia rats.

Brain research·2026
Same journal

Effects of transcutaneous auricular nerve stimulation on thalamic relay: A randomized brain imaging study in chronic low back pain patients.

Brain research·2026
Same journal

Adaptive reconfiguration of prefrontal networks during prolonged cognitive interference: Evidence from fNIRS.

Brain research·2026
Same journal

Horizontal image compression significantly impairs human face identity recognition.

Brain research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Distinct neural substrates for deductive and mathematical processing.

James K Kroger1, Leigh E Nystrom, Jonathan D Cohen

  • 1Department of Psychology, New Mexico State University, 220 Science Hall, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA. jkroger@nmsu.edu

Brain Research
|September 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neural substrates of logical reasoning and mathematical calculation were studied using fMRI. Findings show distinct brain regions activate for reasoning versus calculation, with logical deduction extending beyond language areas.

More Related Videos

Investigating the Function of Deep Cortical and Subcortical Structures Using Stereotactic Electroencephalography: Lessons from the Anterior Cingulate Cortex
09:00

Investigating the Function of Deep Cortical and Subcortical Structures Using Stereotactic Electroencephalography: Lessons from the Anterior Cingulate Cortex

Published on: April 15, 2015

Utilizing Electroencephalography Measurements for Comparison of Task-Specific Neural Efficiencies: Spatial Intelligence Tasks
06:57

Utilizing Electroencephalography Measurements for Comparison of Task-Specific Neural Efficiencies: Spatial Intelligence Tasks

Published on: August 9, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Investigating the Function of Deep Cortical and Subcortical Structures Using Stereotactic Electroencephalography: Lessons from the Anterior Cingulate Cortex
09:00

Investigating the Function of Deep Cortical and Subcortical Structures Using Stereotactic Electroencephalography: Lessons from the Anterior Cingulate Cortex

Published on: April 15, 2015

Utilizing Electroencephalography Measurements for Comparison of Task-Specific Neural Efficiencies: Spatial Intelligence Tasks
06:57

Utilizing Electroencephalography Measurements for Comparison of Task-Specific Neural Efficiencies: Spatial Intelligence Tasks

Published on: August 9, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Deductive reasoning is a complex cognitive process.
  • Understanding the neural basis of logical deduction and mathematical calculation is crucial for cognitive science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural substrates underlying logical reasoning and mathematical calculation.
  • To differentiate the brain regions involved in deductive reasoning from those involved in mathematical computation.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed.
  • Participants engaged in tasks requiring logical deduction (evaluating conclusions from premises) and mathematical calculation.
  • Brain activity was monitored during problem presentation and solution phases.

Main Results:

  • Language areas (Broca's and Wernicke's) were active during the reading of premises and conclusions.
  • Distinct neural substrates were identified for reasoning and calculation: right prefrontal cortex and inferior parietal lobe for reasoning; left prefrontal cortex and superior parietal lobe for calculation.
  • The right frontal pole was specifically recruited for reasoning tasks involving the search for counterexamples.

Conclusions:

  • Logical reasoning and mathematical calculation involve distinct neural networks.
  • Deductive reasoning engages brain regions beyond traditional language processing areas.
  • These findings advance our understanding of how higher cognition, including logical deduction, is implemented in the brain.