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Related Concept Videos

Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can have a...
Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
Heuristics01:21

Heuristics

Heuristics are problem-solving strategies that use mental shortcuts to simplify decision-making. Unlike algorithms, which must be followed precisely to achieve a correct result, heuristics offer a general problem-solving framework. They save time and energy but can sometimes lead to less rational decisions.
People often rely on heuristics when faced with an overload of information, limited time, low importance of the decision, limited information, or when a heuristic readily comes to mind. For...
The Availability Heuristic01:08

The Availability Heuristic

A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems. Different types of heuristics are used in different types of situations, and the impulse to use a heuristic occurs when one of five conditions is met (Pratkanis, 1989):
Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the brain can only use...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting
14:43

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting

Published on: January 12, 2018

Shared decision-making--transferring research into practice: the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).

James G Dolan1

  • 1University of Rochester/Unity Health System, Rochester, NY 14626, USA. jdolan787@gmail.com

Patient Education and Counseling
|September 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary

The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) offers a structured method to improve shared decision-making and communication between clinicians and patients. This approach helps prioritize needs and values, enhancing the quality of clinical decisions.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting
14:43

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting

Published on: January 12, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Decision Science
  • Health Communication
  • Clinical Informatics

Background:

  • Clinical decisions often involve complex trade-offs between risks and benefits.
  • Effective clinician-patient communication is crucial for shared decision-making.
  • Current clinical settings face barriers to implementing shared decision-making.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in promoting shared decision-making.
  • To illustrate how AHP can enhance clinician-patient communication.
  • To provide a framework for improving preference-based clinical decisions.

Main Methods:

  • Tutorial review of the Analytic Hierarchy Process.
  • Exploration of AHP's utility in decision structuring and preference elicitation.
  • Framework for prioritizing information needs in clinical contexts.

Main Results:

  • AHP provides a systematic framework for shared decision-making.
  • The process facilitates defining decisions, summarizing information, and prioritizing needs.
  • AHP fosters meaningful communication by eliciting patient preferences and values.

Conclusions:

  • The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) can improve the quality of clinical decisions.
  • AHP offers a practical approach to enhance patient-provider communication and shared decision-making.
  • Further research is needed to optimize AHP implementation and effectiveness in clinical practice.