Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

Correspondence Bias01:17

Correspondence Bias

198
Correspondence bias, also referred to as the fundamental attribution error, describes the tendency to attribute another person’s behavior to internal characteristics rather than situational influences. This cognitive bias leads individuals to overlook external factors that may be influencing actions, thereby fostering potentially inaccurate assessments of others’ intentions and dispositions.Empirical Evidence for Correspondence BiasResearch has consistently demonstrated the...
198
Directional Terms01:14

Directional Terms

15.9K
Directional terms are essential for describing the relative locations of different body structures. For instance, an anatomist might describe one band of tissue as "inferior to" another, or a physician might describe a tumor as "superficial to" a deeper body structure. These terms often use comparative terms in pairs to trace out the relative locations of one body part to another or descriptions of body tissues like the deeper ones from superficially present with reference to...
15.9K
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

716
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
716
Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

36.8K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
36.8K
Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

760
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
760
Principle of Equivalence01:18

Principle of Equivalence

2.5K
According to Albert Einstein (1897-1955), free-falling and feeling weightless are intrinsically linked. If a person were in free-fall under gravity, for example, diving towards the Earth from an airplane, they would feel completely weightless. Similarly, a person descending in a lift may feel partially weightless. Broadly speaking, it is assumed that an object in a uniform gravitational field and an object undergoing constant acceleration in the absence of gravity are under the same...
2.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prelingually Deaf Children With Cochlear Implants Show Better Perception of Voice Cues and Speech in Competing Speech Than Postlingually Deaf Adults With Cochlear Implants.

Ear and hearing·2024
Same author

Language in autism: domains, profiles and co-occurring conditions.

Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)·2023
Same author

A cognitive modeling approach to learning and using reference biases in language.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2022
Same author

An exploration of error-driven learning in simple two-layer networks from a discriminative learning perspective.

Behavior research methods·2022
Same author

Prediction Impairment May Explain Communication Difficulties in Autism.

Frontiers in psychology·2021
Same author

School-age children benefit from voice gender cue differences for the perception of speech in competing speech.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2021
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 18, 2026

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
08:32

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

5.9K

Coherent discourse solves the pronoun interpretation problem.

Jennifer Spenader1, Erik-Jan Smits, Petra Hendriks

  • 1Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. J.Spenader@ai.rug.nl

Journal of Child Language
|September 3, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Children aged 4-6 struggle with object pronoun comprehension but excel at production. This study found that establishing pronouns as the topic resolves comprehension issues in Dutch children, suggesting strong pragmatic skills.

More Related Videos

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
07:36

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

16.3K
Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
09:27

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language

Published on: October 13, 2018

10.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 18, 2026

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
08:32

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

5.9K
Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
07:36

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

16.3K
Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
09:27

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language

Published on: October 13, 2018

10.7K

Area of Science:

  • Developmental linguistics
  • Child language acquisition
  • Psycholinguistics

Background:

  • Children often misinterpret object pronouns, a phenomenon termed the 'Pronoun Interpretation Problem'.
  • Previous research indicates a discrepancy between children's pronoun production (near-perfect) and comprehension (impaired).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pronoun production-comprehension asymmetry in Dutch children.
  • To examine the influence of discourse coherence and topicality on pronoun interpretation and production.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a truth-value judgment task for comprehension assessment.
  • Employed an elicited production task to evaluate pronoun usage.
  • Tested 83 Dutch children aged 4 years 5 months to 6 years 6 months.

Main Results:

  • Confirmed an asymmetry between pronoun production and comprehension in Dutch children.
  • The 'Pronoun Interpretation Problem' disappeared when object pronouns were topicalized.
  • Children demonstrated proficiency in using pragmatic cues for pronoun interpretation.

Conclusions:

  • Dutch children, like English speakers, exhibit an asymmetry in pronoun processing.
  • Topicality plays a crucial role in resolving pronoun comprehension difficulties.
  • Contrary to prior claims, children possess advanced pragmatic abilities for language interpretation.