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Binary-black-hole encounters, gravitational bursts, and maximum final spin.

Matthew C Washik1, James Healy, Frank Herrmann

  • 1Center for Gravitational Wave Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|September 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary

The final black hole

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Area of Science:

  • Astrophysics
  • General Relativity
  • Gravitational Waves

Background:

  • The spin of a final black hole formed from merging black holes depends on the residual orbital angular momentum.
  • This residual momentum is the portion of orbital angular momentum that the binary cannot shed during the merger.
  • Understanding this process is crucial for interpreting gravitational wave signals from black hole mergers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between initial orbital configurations and the final black hole spin.
  • To analyze the radiated angular momentum, final black hole spin, and gravitational bursts during black hole coalescence.
  • To determine the maximum achievable spin for the final black hole in equal-mass encounters.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated a sequence of equal-mass black hole encounters with a fixed impact parameter.
  • Varied the initial linear momentum of the black holes to explore different orbital configurations.
  • Analyzed the resulting gravitational radiation and the spin of the final black hole.

Main Results:

  • Observed a range of outcomes, from direct infall to multiple orbits with bursts of radiation.
  • Found that the final black hole can achieve a maximum spin parameter (a/Mh) of approximately 0.823.
  • This maximum spin occurs for an initial orbital angular momentum (L/Mh^2) of approximately 1.176.

Conclusions:

  • The initial orbital angular momentum significantly influences the final black hole's spin.
  • Black hole mergers can radiate substantial angular momentum, affecting the final spin.
  • The study provides specific parameters for maximum final black hole spin in equal-mass mergers.