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Related Concept Videos

Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
Electric Field Inside a Conductor01:20

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When a conductor is placed in an external electric field, the free charges in the conductor redistribute and very quickly reach electrostatic equilibrium. The resulting charge distribution and its electric field have many interesting properties, which can be investigated with the help of Gauss's law.
Suppose a piece of metal is placed near a positive charge. The free electrons in the metal are attracted to the external positive charge and migrate freely toward that region. This region then has...
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Magnetic Field Due To A Thin Straight Wire

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Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop01:16

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Consider a circular loop with a radius a, that carries a current I. The magnetic field due to the current at an arbitrary point P along the axis of the loop can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:27

Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

Biasing metal-semiconductor junctions involves applying a voltage across the junction. Specifically, the metal is connected to a voltage source, while the semiconductor is grounded. This technique is essential for controlling the direction and magnitude of current flow in electronic devices, including diodes, transistors, and photovoltaic cells.
In Schottky junctions, where the semiconductor is n-type, applying a positive voltage to the metal relative to the semiconductor reduces its Fermi...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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Published on: August 2, 2019

Vibrating superconducting island in a Josephson junction.

J Fransson1, Jian-Xin Zhu, A V Balatsky

  • 1Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|September 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary

We developed a novel nanomechanical-superconducting device where mechanical motion modulates Cooper pair tunneling, creating a tunable supercurrent. This breakthrough enables new studies in nanoelectromechanical coupling for superconducting electronics.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Superconducting electronics leverage quantum phenomena like Cooper pair tunneling.
  • Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) integrate mechanical and electrical components at the nanoscale.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interplay between mechanical oscillations and Cooper pair tunneling in a hybrid device.
  • To explore the potential of such a device for studying nanoelectromechanical coupling in superconducting systems.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a hybrid nanomechanical-superconducting device with a central superconducting island coupled to leads.
  • Experimental observation of supercurrent flow through the island, influenced by its mechanical motion.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that mechanical oscillations of the superconducting island modulate Cooper pair tunneling.
  • Observed the generation of a supercurrent that alternates between finite and vanishing states, dependent on superconducting phase differences.
  • Showcased the sensitivity of current peaks to relative superconducting phase shifts.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed device effectively couples mechanical motion to superconducting electronic transport.
  • This system offers a novel platform for fundamental studies of nanoelectromechanical coupling in superconductors.
  • Potential applications in sensitive phase detection and novel superconducting electronic devices.