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Related Concept Videos

Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
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Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

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Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

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Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7&#8722;&#948;/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 (STO) Single-crystal Substrates
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Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7−δ/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 (STO) Single-crystal Substrates

Published on: April 12, 2019

Spin manipulation in Co-doped ZnO.

Qingyu Xu1, Lars Hartmann, Shengqiang Zhou

  • 1Institut für Ionenstrahlphysik und Materialforschung, Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Bautzner Landstrasse 128, 01328 Dresden, Germany. xuqingyu_1974@yahoo.com

Physical Review Letters
|September 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary

We observed tunneling magnetoresistance in magnetic tunnel junctions using Co-doped ZnO and Co electrodes. This demonstrates spin polarization in Co-doped ZnO, showing potential for future ZnO-based spintronics.

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Published on: March 24, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) are crucial for spintronic devices.
  • Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a promising semiconductor for spintronics applications.
  • Controlling spin polarization in ZnO-based materials is key for device development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) in MTJs utilizing Co-doped ZnO.
  • To demonstrate the spin polarization of electrons in Co-doped ZnO.
  • To explore the potential of Co-doped ZnO in future spintronics devices.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of MTJs with Co-doped ZnO bottom electrodes and Co top electrodes using pulsed laser deposition.
  • Measurement of tunneling magnetoresistance at 5 K.
  • Analysis of spin-polarized electron injection and tunneling through Al2O3 barriers.

Main Results:

  • Clearly observed tunneling magnetoresistance at 5 K.
  • Successful injection of spin-polarized electrons from Co-doped ZnO into Al2O3.
  • Demonstration of spin polarization within the Co-doped ZnO layer.

Conclusions:

  • Co-doped ZnO exhibits significant spin polarization.
  • The fabricated MTJs show promising TMR characteristics.
  • Co-doped ZnO is a viable candidate for future ZnO-based spintronics applications.