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Spermatogenesis

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Biomarkers for Detecting Human Sperm Functional Defects

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Biomarkers for Detecting Human Sperm Functional Defects

Published on: April 21, 2022

Increased sperm ubiquitination correlates with abnormal chromatin integrity.

M Hodjat¹, M A Akhondi, S Al-Hasani

¹Reproductive Biotechnology Research Centre, Avicenna Research Institute, Evin, Tehran, Iran.

Reproductive Biomedicine Online

|September 4, 2008

Summary

Sperm ubiquitination, a marker for defective sperm, strongly correlates with abnormal sperm chromatin. This finding validates ubiquitin as a key biomarker for assessing sperm quality and male fertility potential.

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Area of Science:

Reproductive Biology
Cellular Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Ubiquitin tags defective spermatozoa during epididymal passage.
Ubiquitin is proposed as a potential biomarker for sperm quality assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the relationship between sperm ubiquitination, sperm chromatin integrity, and standard semen parameters.
To validate sperm ubiquitination as a biomarker for sperm quality.

Main Methods:

Semen samples from 63 couples were analyzed.
Sperm ubiquitination was assessed using direct immunofluorescence with anti-ubiquitin antibodies.
Sperm chromatin integrity was evaluated using acridine orange (AO) and toluidine blue (TB) tests.

Main Results:

A significant positive correlation was observed between ubiquitinated spermatozoa and abnormal sperm chromatin (AO: r = 0.58; TB: r = 0.48).
Sperm ubiquitination showed negative correlations with sperm count, morphology, and progressive motility.
Sperm ubiquitination was positively correlated with the percentage of immotile spermatozoa.

Conclusions:

Sperm chromatin abnormality is closely associated with sperm ubiquitination.
Sperm ubiquitination is a validated and suitable marker for assessing sperm quality and male reproductive health.