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Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Evaluation of Left Ventricular Structure and Function using 3D Echocardiography
Published on: October 28, 2020
Perioperative echocardiography: two-dimensional and three-dimensional applications
Tyler M Yeates1, Joshua M Zimmerman, Michael K Cahalan
1Department of Anesthesiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132-2304, USA.
Abstract:
Perioperative echocardiography is an essential skill for today's cardiac anesthesiologist and a driving force for innovation and accomplishment for the future of the subspecialty. Real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (RT3-D TEE) will dominate the future practice of perioperative echocardiography, but transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) will grow in application, as will contrast echocardiography. Hand-held ultrasonongraphs will rival current machines in capabilities and make it possible for TTE to become the stethoscope of the future for cardiac anesthesiologists.
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