[Pharmacological treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults]

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is not restricted to childhood or adolescence, but often persists into adulthood, with an estimated prevalence of 4% to 5%. It often comes along with a significant negative impact on educational, occupational and social outcomes in adults. It is important to pay particular attention to the screening of this neuropsychiatric disorder. Indeed, numerous controlled studies have clearly established the effectiveness of psychostimulants, and to a lesser extent of some antidepressants, in the treatment of adult ADHD. The pharmacological treatment of this disorder should aim to control symptoms and limit the long-term consequences of dysfunctional behaviours.