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Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Rodent Brain Microinjection to Study Molecular Substrates of Motivated Behavior
Published on: September 16, 2015
[Current preclinical knowledge of the neurobiology of cocaine]
1Université Paris Descartes, faculté de pharmacie, Paris F-75006, France. florence.noble@univ-paris5.fr
Abstract:
Repeated cocaine administration induces numerous neuroadaptations. Cocaine controls many neurotransmitter systems, including glutamate, GABA, dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenalin. Cocaine exposure modifies neuron morphology. Peptide systems such as the orexins probably play a key role in cocaine's long-term effects. The opioid system may be involved in cocaine's long-term effects. The complexity and the multiplicity of the neuroadaptations observed with cocaine may explain the current absence of effective pharmacotherapy.
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Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...