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Related Concept Videos

Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
Lobes of the Cerebrum01:22

Lobes of the Cerebrum

The cerebral cortex, a critical structure of the brain, is intricately divided into two hemispheres, each consisting of four distinct lobes: occipital, temporal, frontal, and parietal. These lobes function cooperatively to regulate various cognitive and sensory functions, forming the basis of our complex neural capabilities.
Frontal lobe
The frontal lobes, located behind the forehead, are the command center of our brain, controlling personality, intelligence, and voluntary muscle movements.
Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:23

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at the...
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings
07:08

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

Eye position representation in human anterior parietal cortex.

Daniela Balslev1, R Chris Miall

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B152TT, United Kingdom. d.balslev@bham.ac.uk

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|September 5, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Scientists used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to find that the human anterior parietal cortex processes eye position. This brain region

More Related Videos

Where You Cut Matters: A Dissection and Analysis Guide for the Spatial Orientation of the Mouse Retina from Ocular Landmarks
08:42

Where You Cut Matters: A Dissection and Analysis Guide for the Spatial Orientation of the Mouse Retina from Ocular Landmarks

Published on: August 4, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings
07:08

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

Where You Cut Matters: A Dissection and Analysis Guide for the Spatial Orientation of the Mouse Retina from Ocular Landmarks
08:42

Where You Cut Matters: A Dissection and Analysis Guide for the Spatial Orientation of the Mouse Retina from Ocular Landmarks

Published on: August 4, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Somatosensory System
  • Human Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Eye position is crucial for spatial awareness and attention.
  • Ocular proprioception signals are found in monkey somatosensory cortex, but not yet identified in humans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the human somatosensory cortex in processing eye position.
  • To determine if the anterior parietal cortex encodes proprioceptive signals from the eye.

Main Methods:

  • Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied to the left somatosensory cortex.
  • Subjects reported perceived visual straight-ahead using monocular vision before and after rTMS.
  • Passive eye displacement was used to assess ocular proprioception.

Main Results:

  • rTMS over the left somatosensory cortex, but not the motor cortex, shifted the perceived visual straight-ahead.
  • Passive eye displacement modulated the rTMS-induced shift in perceived straight-ahead.
  • Nonvisual body midline detection remained unaffected.

Conclusions:

  • The anterior parietal cortex in humans encodes eye position.
  • This encoding involves a proprioceptive component, linking eye movements to spatial perception.