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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Loss-of-Function Approach in the Embryonic Chick Retina by Using Tol2 Transposon-Mediated Transgenic Expression of Artificial microRNAs
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Loss-of-Function Approach in the Embryonic Chick Retina by Using Tol2 Transposon-Mediated Transgenic Expression of Artificial microRNAs

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Microarray analysis of retinal gene expression in chicks during imposed myopic defocus.

Ruth Schippert1, Frank Schaeffel, Marita Pauline Feldkaemper

  • 1Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Section of Neurobiology of the Eye, University Eye Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.

Molecular Vision
|September 5, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study identified novel retinal genes involved in inhibiting eye growth by analyzing gene expression changes in chicks exposed to myopic defocus. These findings offer new insights into the signaling pathways regulating emmetropization.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The retina is crucial for regulating eye growth.
  • Identifying genes that inhibit ocular growth is essential for understanding emmetropization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To screen for novel retinal candidate genes involved in inhibiting ocular growth.
  • To analyze changes in retinal mRNA expression in response to myopic defocus induced by positive lens wear in chicks.

Main Methods:

  • White leghorn chicks wore +6.9D spectacle lenses for 24 hours; untreated chicks served as controls.
  • Retinal mRNA expression was analyzed using Affymetrix GeneChip Chicken Genome arrays.
  • Gene expression was further validated using semiquantitative real-time RT-PCR, with additional experiments using +6.9D and -7D lenses for varying durations.

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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Loss-of-Function Approach in the Embryonic Chick Retina by Using Tol2 Transposon-Mediated Transgenic Expression of Artificial microRNAs
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Loss-of-Function Approach in the Embryonic Chick Retina by Using Tol2 Transposon-Mediated Transgenic Expression of Artificial microRNAs

Published on: May 18, 2022

Multiplexed Analysis of Retinal Gene Expression and Chromatin Accessibility Using scRNA-Seq and scATAC-Seq
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Main Results:

  • 123 transcripts showed differential expression (p<0.05, ≥1.5-fold change).
  • Nine out of sixteen examined genes were validated by RT-PCR.
  • Six genes (ATE1, ELF1, GRB2, SHQ1, SPTBN1, pp-URP) were consistently regulated by myopic defocus after 24 hours, while three genes (ABCC10, CD226, OSBP2) showed differential responses to positive and negative lens treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Validated genes regulated solely by myopic defocus may constitute a 'stop-signal' pathway for eye growth.
  • Several identified genes have not been previously described in the retina, offering new avenues for emmetropization research.
  • Variability in microarray data across different models and treatments highlights the need for standardized experimental parameters.