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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
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Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Published on: October 17, 2025

Biological therapy for pediatric malignancy: current perspectives.

Bharat Agarwal1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, B.J. Wadia Hospital for Children, Institute of Child Health and Research Centre, Mumbai, India. bharatagarwal@mtnl.net.in

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|September 5, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biological agents offer targeted cancer therapies, but pediatric applications face challenges. Research focuses on tumor-specific agents and supportive care to improve outcomes in rare pediatric cancers.

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Generation of CAR T Cells for Adoptive Therapy in the Context of Glioblastoma Standard of Care
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Biologicals are tumor-specific agents, with notable successes in targeting genetic translocations like BCR-ABL in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).
  • Pediatric cancers have not yet seen similar dramatic results from targeted genetic therapies due to rarity and ethical considerations.
  • Biologicals pose unique challenges in testing and development, often not lending themselves to standard in vitro assays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape and challenges of biological agents in cancer treatment, particularly in pediatric oncology.
  • To explore novel therapeutic avenues including targeting the tumor microenvironment and modulating the host immune response.
  • To highlight the role of biological agents in supportive care for reducing chemotherapy toxicity and managing infections.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on biological agents in cancer therapy.
  • Analysis of successes and limitations of targeted therapies in adult and pediatric cancers.
  • Exploration of emerging strategies such as microenvironment targeting and immunotherapy.

Main Results:

  • While adult cancers have seen success with targeted biologicals, pediatric oncology lags behind.
  • Monoclonal antibodies were early attempts at solid tumor targeting.
  • The tumor microenvironment and immune response modulation represent promising new biological approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Biological agents are advancing cancer treatment, offering targeted specificity and supportive care benefits.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges in pediatric cancer targeting and biological agent development.
  • Novel approaches targeting the tumor microenvironment and immune system hold significant potential for future therapies.