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Carbon dioxide fixation in prokaryotes enables the assimilation of inorganic carbon into organic molecules, supporting biosynthetic pathways, sustaining ecosystems, and contributing to the global carbon cycle. It also has industrial applications in carbon capture and bioproduct synthesis. Autotrophic organisms rely on this process to utilize CO₂ as a carbon source in diverse environments.The Calvin CycleThe Calvin cycle is the most widespread carbon fixation mechanism, primarily used by...
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Increased mercury in forest soils under elevated carbon dioxide.

Susan M Natali1, Sergio A Sañudo-Wilhelmy, Richard J Norby

  • 1Botany Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. natali@ufl.edu

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Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) increases soil mercury (Hg) concentrations by nearly 30% in temperate forests. This rise is linked to CO2-driven changes in soil organic matter, impacting mercury storage.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Biogeochemistry
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Fossil fuel combustion is a major source of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and mercury (Hg).
  • Atmospheric mercury deposition is the primary pathway for Hg entering terrestrial ecosystems.
  • Rising CO2 levels may alter plant and soil properties, potentially influencing Hg cycling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of elevated atmospheric CO2 on mercury concentrations in forest soils.
  • To determine the relationship between CO2-driven changes in soil properties and mercury storage.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiments in two temperate forest ecosystems.
  • Measured soil mercury concentrations and soil organic matter (SOM) content.
  • Assessed mercury inputs via litterfall, throughfall, and stemflow.

Main Results:

  • Soil mercury concentrations were approximately 30% higher under elevated CO2 conditions.
  • No significant direct CO2 effects were observed on mercury inputs from litterfall, throughfall, or stemflow.
  • Soil mercury concentrations showed a positive correlation with percent soil organic matter.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated atmospheric CO2 can increase mercury storage in forest soils, primarily through its influence on soil organic matter.
  • CO2-mediated alterations in soil organic matter play a crucial role in modulating mercury dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems.
  • Future research should consider these CO2 impacts on mercury cycling beyond traditional carbon and nutrient cycling studies.