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Viral arthritis/tenosynovitis: a review
1Department of Pathobiology, University of Connecticut Storrs, Connecticut 06268, USA.
Avian Pathology : Journal of the W.V.P.A
|January 1, 1977
Summary
Avian reovirus causes viral arthritis/tenosynovitis in chickens, affecting tendons and joints. This review covers its pathology, transmission, and control strategies including breeder vaccination.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Avian Pathology
- Immunology
Background:
- Viral arthritis/tenosynovitis is a significant clinical manifestation of avian reovirus infection in chickens.
- First identified in 1957, the disease has a global distribution and impacts poultry health.
- Associated pathologies include inflammation of tendons and joints, as well as systemic involvement like hepatitis and myocarditis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the key aspects of viral arthritis/tenosynovitis in chickens caused by avian reovirus.
- To consolidate information on the disease's pathology, epidemiology, and transmission routes.
- To discuss control measures, focusing on maternal immunity and vaccination strategies.
Main Methods:
- This study is a comprehensive literature review.
- It synthesizes existing research on avian reovirus and associated diseases.
- Information was gathered on pathological findings, epizootiology, and transmission dynamics.
Main Results:
- Avian reovirus infection leads to inflammatory lesions in the posterior limb tendons, tendon sheaths, and tibiotarsal joints.
- The virus can also cause hepatitis, myocarditis, hydropericardium, and affect intestinal and respiratory tracts.
- Horizontal and vertical transmission mechanisms of the reovirus are significant factors in disease spread.
Conclusions:
- Effective control of viral arthritis/tenosynovitis relies on understanding reovirus epizootiology and transmission.
- Maternal immunity plays a crucial role, and its application in breeder vaccination is a key strategy for disease prevention.
- Further research into vaccination efficacy and management practices is essential for controlling this poultry disease.
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