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Related Concept Videos

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation01:20

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation

Cell separation was first achieved in 1964 by S. H. Seal, who separated large tumor cells from the smaller blood cells using filtration. Two years later, Pohl and Hawk performed experiments on how cells respond differently to a nonuniform electric field based on the cell type. Such observations were the inception of cell separation methods, which allow isolating a single cell type from a heterogeneous sample.

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Immunophenotyping and Cell Sorting of Human MKs from Human Primary Sources or Differentiated In Vitro from Hematopoietic Progenitors
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Testing the efficiency of aerosol containment during cell sorting.

I Schmid1, L E Hultin, J Ferbas

  • 1UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Current Protocols in Cytometry
|September 5, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Cell sorter aerosols can pose significant biohazard risks. This study presents protocols using T4 bacteriophage to assess aerosol containment, ensuring laboratory safety during cell sorting procedures.

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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Immunophenotyping and Cell Sorting of Human MKs from Human Primary Sources or Differentiated In Vitro from Hematopoietic Progenitors
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Optimization of Flow Cytometric Sorting Parameters for High-Throughput Isolation and Purification of Small Extracellular Vesicles
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Optimization of Flow Cytometric Sorting Parameters for High-Throughput Isolation and Purification of Small Extracellular Vesicles

Published on: January 20, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Laboratory Safety
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Cell sorters generate aerosols during operation, potentially exposing personnel to hazardous materials like pathogens and toxic chemicals.
  • While modern cell sorters have containment features, their effectiveness requires rigorous assessment.
  • The increasing use of viable human cells in sorting necessitates stringent safety evaluations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present and validate two protocols for assessing aerosol containment in jet-in-air flow cell sorters.
  • To evaluate the containment performance of cell sorters under normal and simulated failure conditions.
  • To highlight the importance of aerosol containment awareness for cytometrists.

Main Methods:

  • Developed two protocols utilizing lytic T4 bacteriophage as a biological tracer for aerosol droplets.
  • Administered high concentrations of T4 bacteriophage through the cell sorter.
  • Detected aerosolized T4 bacteriophage by quantifying plaque formation on susceptible Escherichia coli lawns.
  • Tested cell sorter containment in both standard operating mode and simulated failure scenarios.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the efficacy of T4 bacteriophage as a reliable marker for aerosol detection in cell sorter emissions.
  • Quantified aerosol release under normal and simulated failure conditions, providing data on containment effectiveness.
  • Identified potential breaches in aerosol containment, emphasizing the need for vigilant monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • The presented protocols offer a robust method for assessing aerosol containment in cell sorters.
  • Effective aerosol containment is crucial for mitigating biohazard risks associated with cell sorting, especially when handling viable human cells.
  • Cytometrists must be aware of and actively manage the potential dangers posed by cell sorter aerosols.