Analysis of viral infection and viral and cellular DNA and proteins by flow cytometry

Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that require the host cell replication, transcription, and translation machinery for reproduction. Each viral group provides a unique series of viral-cellular interactions. Studies have provided insight not only into viral replication and control of host functions, but also into cellular functions such as eukaryotic replication, transcription, and translation as well as the regulation of these events. This unit presents a protocol for flow cytometric monitoring of viral infection and quantitating viral-cellular events. The availability of monoclonal and/or polyclonal antibodies directed to both viral and cellular proteins offers the ability to assay a specific molecule in the intact fixed cell and the opportunity to correlate viral events with cellular processes such as progression through the cell cycle.