[Unilateral pleural effusion in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome]

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is the most severe iatrogenic complication of fertilization modern methods. This syndrome is characterized by a massive cystic ovarian enlargement associated with an acute body fluid shift. Ascite is the most frequent manifestation of this syndrome. In some rare cases ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is complicated by massive unilateral pleural effusion without ascite. We describe the case of a 36 year old woman who developed a massive unilateral pleural effusion without ascite. An ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome was diagnosed. Chest tube drainage improved patient parameters and symptoms. We discuss the diagnostic approach of pleural effusions.