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Related Experiment Video

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Virtual Reality Tools for Assessing Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Novel Opportunity for Data Collection
07:04

Virtual Reality Tools for Assessing Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Novel Opportunity for Data Collection

Published on: March 10, 2021

Immediate and delayed reaching in hemispatial neglect.

Stéphanie Rossit1, Keith Muir, Ian Reeves

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.

Neuropsychologia
|September 6, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Patients with hemispatial neglect can act immediately but struggle with delayed actions. This suggests their dorsal visual stream is intact for real-time tasks, but the ventral stream is impaired for memory-guided actions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Milner and Goodale's model distinguishes vision for perception (ventral stream) and action (dorsal stream).
  • The model posits the dorsal stream handles 'here and now' stimuli, while the ventral stream is crucial for visually guided actions based on memory.
  • Hemispatial neglect is hypothesized to spare the dorsal visual stream.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if hemispatial neglect patients are impaired in immediate actions versus delayed, memory-guided actions.
  • To test the Milner and Goodale model's claim regarding dorsal stream sparing in neglect.
  • To determine if neglect affects 'here and now' visuomotor control or 'off-line' visual representations.

Main Methods:

  • Nine hemispatial neglect patients and control groups performed pointing tasks.
  • Targets were presented in left, central, and right visual fields.
  • Actions were tested under immediate and delayed (memory-guided) conditions.

Main Results:

  • Neglect patients showed no accuracy deficits in immediate pointing tasks.
  • When pointing to remembered leftward locations after a delay, patients significantly overshot targets or failed to initiate movements.
  • Performance deficits were specific to delayed, memory-guided actions, particularly in left space.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with hemispatial neglect are not impaired in immediate, 'here and now' visuomotor actions.
  • Deficits in neglect are evident when visuomotor tasks rely on 'off-line' perceptual representations, implicating ventral stream dysfunction.
  • Results support the model's distinction between dorsal stream-mediated immediate actions and ventral stream-dependent memory-guided actions.